STRAIGHT-WINGED INSECTS. ) 253 
Of the Crusader Carrion Beetle? Of the Big Gravedigger? Of the 
Cabinet Beetle? Of the Wood-eating Beetles? What is said of the 
herbivorous Beetles? Of the Spring Beetles? Of the Lightning 
Spring Beetle? What gives the name to the Capricorn Beetles ? 
What is said of the Painted Capricorn? Of the Stag Beetle Capri- 
corn? Of the Long-armed Capricorn? Of the Spanish Fly? What 
is said of the Curculios? What of the Palm Weevil? What of the 
Leaf-eaters ? 
CHAPTER XXV. 
STRAIGHT-WINGED INSECTS. 
438. Tur second order is that of the Orthoptera, or 
Straight-winged Insects. Their wings, when not in use, 
are folded lengthwise like a fan, and are extended straight 
along the top or the sides of the back. These are cover- 
ed by a pair of thicker wings, or, rather, wing-shaped 
members, which in the Grasshoppers and the Locusts are 
long and narrow, and are joined together on the back, 
making two slopes like the roof of a house. These wing- 
covers are intermediate between the stiff, horny elytra of 
the Beetles and the membranous wings of some other 
insects. 
439. The insects of this order do not go through with 
a complete metamorphosis. They do not pass at all into 
the torpid pupa state, but are active during the whole 
period of their existence. At first they are destitute of 
wings; but they become winged as they grow, casting 
off their skins about six times during the process. They 
are divided into four families: 1. The Cursoria, or Run- 
ners. 2. The Raptoria, or Graspers. 8. The Ambulato- 
ria, or Walkers. 4. The Saltatoria, or Jumpers. 
440. The family of Cursoria includes the Cockroaches 
and the Earwigs. There are with us two kinds of Cock- 
roaches—the native ones, found under stones in the field, 
and those which have, like the Rats, been introduced 
from other countries, and live in our houses. These vo- 
