TURDUS LIBONYANA. 



rounded, and when folded cover about the first half of the tail ; first quill 

 rudimentary, the third, fourth, and fifth equal and longest, the second and 

 sixth slightly shorter than the fifth. Tail slightly forked, and the two outer- 

 most feathers rather shorter than the rest. Tarsi moderately strong, distinctly 

 scutellated anteriorly near to the toes, elsewhere entire ; toes robust, the 

 outer slightly longer than the inner one ; all armed with curved and pointed 

 claws, the claw of the hinder toe both longest and strongest. 



DIMENSIONS. 



Inches. Lines. 



Length from the point of the bill to 



the tip of the tail 9 



Length of the tail 4 



of the bUl from the angle of 



the mouth 1 1 



Inches. Lines. 

 Length of the wings when folded 4 6 



of the tarsus 1 2^ 



of the middle toe 9 



of the outer toe (> 



of the hinder toe i^ 



The colours of the female are not quite so bright as those of the male, par- 

 ticularly those of the belly, the inner surfaces of the shoulders and the internal 

 edges of the wing feathers. 



Tlie first specimens of tliis thrush were procured in the neighbourhood of Kurichane. The 

 thickets which occur upon the banks of rivers form its favourite hahitat, and it is usually 

 found early in the mornings actively engaged under these thickets in seeking its food, which 

 it often acquires by displacing the rubbish with which the ground in such situations is commonly 

 covered. When disturbed while so occupied it generally takes wing and flies to the spots most 

 densely supplied with foliage, in which it endeavours to conceal itself. In all its habits it 

 closely resembles Le Griverou of Le Vaillant* {Tardus olivaceus), and several individuals 

 were passed in the first instance without notice under an idea that they were of the last named 

 species. When one was killed, however, the differences were readily detected : the throat was 

 found to want the spots which exist in Turdiis olivaceus, and the colours generally to be different, 

 though distributed nearly according to the same pattern. 



* Oiseaux d'Afrique, plate 98. 



