162 REPORT 1860. 



plural ending, which the Egyptians borrowed from those tribes which intervened 

 between them and these Ludan; or it may be the accusative plural of the Indo- 

 European name. It may be well, however, to compare it with the termination of 

 another proper name, which occurs in the Sallier Papyrus No. 3, and which appears 

 to refer to the very same people. A name is found there, which Champollion read 

 Iwan and took for the Ionians. It has since been ascertained that the character 

 which Champollion read i has for its value ari or iri. The name therefore is Arlwan, 

 the Aryans or noble people, a title which the Indian and Persian branches of this 

 people which descended from the north applied to themselves, and which (it would 

 seem) the Syrian branch of the same people also used. The an at the end of these 

 two names is probably the same element ; and the fact of its being preceded by w, 

 when not preceded by a consonant, suggests a third explanation of it. It may be the 

 suffix which appears in rdjan (nom. raja), haipwv, latron (nom. latro) and ahman 

 (nom. ahmd), which suffix was probably the theme of the first numeral, denoting a 

 noun of unity. Thus Arhoan would be 'Aplav, or 'lpicov, from the latter of which it 

 is just possible iha.t"la>v may be derived. 



Whatever may be thought of this last derivation, it seems clear that the Indo- 

 European glosses, found in the Assyrian inscriptions, are in the language of a people 

 which had separated, some centuries before the date of the earliest Assyrian inscrip- 

 tion, from the Aryans of Persia, and which had probably accompanied these in their 

 migration from the northern region which they originally inhabited ; and that while 

 a portion of these western Aryans remained in Syria and the adjacent countries, the 

 main body of them proceeded westward through Asia Minor and across the Bospho- 

 rus or Hellespont, forming the Hellenic or Ionic people of the Greeks ; which mingled 

 with the Pelasgians (a more ancient Indo-European race akin to the Italian tribes), 

 and by their union formed the different dialects of Greek with which we are acquainted. 

 It is probable, but not so certain, that the language of the people from whom all these 

 Aryan tribes were derived, was Lithuanian in its oldest form. 



A Netv Map of the Interior of the Northern Island of New Zealand, con- 

 structed during an Inland Journey in 1859. By Professor F. von Hoch- 

 stetter ( Vienna), Geologist of the Austrian Novara Expedition. 



On the Antiquity of the Human Race. By Dr. J. Hunt. 



On the Geographical Distribution and Trade in the Cinchona. 

 By V. Hurtado. 

 The different species of the tree which yields the bark known in commerce as 

 Peruvian bark, and from which the sulphate of quinine is obtained, grow on the 

 slopes of the Andes, at a height which varies according to the latitude and the topo- 

 graphical situation of the mountains where this precious vegetable production has 

 been found. In New Grenada it grows on the central branch of the Cordillera, 

 which extends from the province of Paito, and separates the two valleys of the Cauca 

 and Magdalena, being most abundant in the districts of Pitayo and Almaguer. It is 

 also found on the mountains above Finagamga, near Bogota. The Pitayo bark has 

 been the richest in quinine ; and as in that locality the cuttings have been carried on 

 to the greatest extent, the article is nearly exhausted. The same may be said of the 

 Finagamga variety, which, although not so rich as the Pitayo, is prized on account 

 of its being of easier labour. The Almaguer bark, which at first was hardly saleable, 

 is now used to a great extent in Philadelphia and London, on account of the scarcity 

 of the two former species. The best bark is found on the Pitayo mountain, at a 

 height of from 8000 to 1 1,000 feet above the level of the sea. The tree grows among 

 the numerous species of Alpine vegetation which cover those mountains with thick 

 forests, either in clusters or scattered about. For that reason it varies in size. Like 

 all trees of a cold climate, it is of slow growth, and requires a great many years to 

 arrive at a good height. Some of them have been found so large as to yield forty 

 arrobas of green bark, which, when dried up, is reduced to about a third of its 

 weight. Others only produce about ten arrobas. As this tree is chiefly found in 



