352 G. P. Scrope on Craters, and the Liquidity of Lavas. 
eruptions and earthquakes in Java, Sumatra, the Andes, and 
elsewhere, having caused the disappearance of the entire summit 
of a mountain, leaving a vast cavity in its place. But this is 
pty the result that was observable after the eruption of 
esuvius in 1822. And in that instance we know there was no 
disappeared,” swallowed up in the bowels of the earth, together 
with forty villages and their inhabitants. Such are the phr 
usually made use of on these occasions, and very naturally so, by 
alarmed and unscientific observers. But recent explorers, espe- 
earthquake, or the explosion of vapor and gases accumulat 
within it and increasing in temperature, may cause to burst like 
the formation of the largest known craters. If it is to be Te 
sorted to, in any case, it would be, perhaps, in that of the = 
small pit-craters, occasionally met with in volcanic districts, sue 
as the Gour de Tazana, and the lakes Pavin du Bouchet, and 
Serviéres in Central France. But even these show marks be 
explosive eruption in the scoria sprinkled around their banks. 
oof 
hange their situa 
