Statistics of the Flora of the Northern States. 879 
Vaccinium erythrocarpon. Juglans nigra. 
eigg : 
Leucothoé Catesbei. Carya microcarpa. 
: recurva “ — sulcata. 
Andromeda floribunda. Quercus palustris, ’ 
Clethra acuminata. Pinus pun 
Azalea arboresc Abies Fraseri. 
ens. 
Rhodedendron Catawbiense. Smilax Walteri, 
Styrax Americana, “. ~hisp 
Ulmus racemosa. 
Fifteen, or 454 per cent of these are trees; and out of 14 
whose range is under four degrees of latitude, six are trees. 
On the other hand, out of 140 species of wide or considerably 
more than average range, enumerated in the preceding lists, 42 
{i. e. 80 per cent) may be counted as trees. Now, as almost 60 
per cent of our woody plants attain under favoring circumstances 
the stature of trees, the general impression, that trees are more 
limited in range than shrabs, is not confirmed by the list last 
Given, in which the percentage of trees is diminished instead o 
enlarged ; but seems decidedly to be so by the list of wide-rang- 
Ng Species, even after the exclusion of the alpine plants, which 
of necessity are not trees. That is, local species are about as 
likely to be shrubs as irees, but shrubs are in general more 
Widely distributed than trees. 
_ <A very few of our shrubs and trees, if rightly determined, 
. &xtend southward much beyond the southern boundaries of the 
United States. Those which do so, principally, Ascyrum stans 
and perhaps Lanthorylum Carolinianum, in the West Indies ; and 
Nequndo aceroid:s, Sambucus Cunudensis, Cephalanthus occidentalis, 
Vaccinium stamineum, Salix angustata, and Taxodium distichum, 
in Mexico. 
Northward and Southward renge in this country of Herbaceous 
: Plants. ; 
Upon this subject my statements must be brief and general. 
Of the 1745 phienobentih herbaceous plants of the Flora of 
the Northern United States, diminished to about 1690 by ee 
exclusion of the alpine and subalpine species, here left out o 
 view— te 
| SAS species, or 50 per cent, range southward to the borders of 
the Gulf of Mexico. 
988, or not quite 32 per cent, extend northward into the Sas- 
. qonttehawan basin or to A ae ae 
407 of these reach or cross the Arctic circle. se ips 
t species, or less than 14 per cent, range from the Gulf of 
__ Mexico to the Arctic circle. x ; 
180, or 104 per cent, range from the Gulf of Mexico to the 
or Labrado 
