CONTENTS ix 



(Coluber) — Black-Marked Snake — Wood-Snakes (Herpetodryas) — Tree-Snakes (Dend- 

 rophis and Dendrelaphis) — Egg-Eating Snake (Dasypeltis) — Moon-Snakes (Scytah)—Ca,t- 

 Snake (Tarbophis) — Nocturnal Tree - Snakes (Dipsas) — Back - Fanged Tree - Snakes 

 (Philodryas and Dryophis) — Sharp - Nosed Snakes (Oxybelis) — Oriental Fresh- Water 

 Snakes (Homalopsince) — Coral-Snake (Elaps) — Resplendent Adders (Callophis) — Long- 

 Gland ed Snakes (Adeniophis)— Craits (Bungarus) — Cobras (Naia)— Their Habits — 

 Death - Adders (Pseudechis) — Sea - Snakes (Hydrophiina?) — Broad-Tailed Sea - Snakes 

 (Platurus) — Parti-Coloured Sea-Snake (Hydrus)— Black- Banded Sea-Snake (Distira)— 

 The Vipers (Viperidce) — True Vipers (Viperina?) — Common Viper (Vipera) — Southern 

 Viper— Long-Nosed Viper— Russell's Viper —Puff- Adder— Horned Vipers (Cerastes) — 

 Desert Saw- Vipers (Echis) — Rattle-Snakes (Crotalince) — Common Rattle-Snake (Cro- 

 talus)— Diamond Rattle-Snake— South American Rattle-Snakes — Habits of Rattle- 

 Snakes — The Bushmaster (Lachesis) — Halys Vipers ( Ancistrodon) — Himalayan Halys 

 Siberian Halys— Copper-Head Snake— Water- Viper— Typical Pit-Vipers (Trimere- 

 saurus) — Jararaca — Extinct Groups of Scaled Reptiles — Long-Necked Lizards 

 (Dolichosauria) — Cretaceous Sea-Serpents (Pythonomorpha), .... 



174 



CHAPTER VI. — The Remaining Groups of Reptiles, — Orders Ichthijopterygia, 

 Rhynchocephalia, and Anomodontia. 



The Fish-Lizards (Order Ichthyopterygia)— The Beaked Lizards (Order Rhynchocephalia)— The 

 Tuatera (Sphenodon) — Allied Extinct Families (Homososauridce and Rhynchosauridai) — 

 Oldest Types (Proterosaurus, etc.) — The Anomodonts, or Mammal- Like Reptiles (Order 

 Anomodontia) — Dicynodonts and Theriodonts, ...... 250 



AMPHIBIANS 



CHAPTER I.— General Characteristics of the Class Amphibia— Frogs and Toads 



— Order Ecaudata. 



Distinction between Amphibians and Reptiles — Skin of Amphibians — Skeleton — Soft 

 Parts— Development— Distribution — Habits — Characteristics of Frogs and Toads— The 

 Typical Frogs (Ranid(e)— Water-Frogs (Rana)— European Frogs— Bull-Frogs— Oxy- 

 glossus — Flying Frogs (Rhacophorus) — Solid- Chested Tree-Frogs (Dendrobatidxe) — 

 The Narrow-Mouthed Frogs (Engystomatidce) — Sharp-Nosed Frog (Ceratdbatrachidce)— 

 The Southern Frogs (Leptodactylidce)— Horned Frogs (Ceratophrys) — Leaf -Frogs (Hylodes) 

 —Piping-Frogs (Leptodactylus)— The Toads (Bufonidas)— True Toads (Bufo)— Green 

 Toad — Natterjack Toad — Sharp-Nosed Toad (Rhinophrynus) — The Overlapping- 

 Chested Tree-Frogs (HylidcB)— Grasshopper-Frog (Acris)— Typical Tree-Frogs (Hyla) 

 —Their Nesting - Habits — Pouched Tree-Frogs (Nototrema) — Pouched Tree-Frogs 

 (Pelobatidce)— Brown Toad-Frog (Pelobates)— Other Genera (Pelodytcs, etc.)— Allied 

 Extinct Frogs (Palmobatrachidai)— The Disc-Tongued Frogs (Discoglossidas)— Fire- 

 Bellied Frog (Bombinator)— Midwife-Frogs (A lytes)— Other Families (Amphignathodon- 

 tidm and Hemiphractidce)— The Tongueless Frogs (Xenopodidce and P^ufa')— Spur-Toed 

 Frogs (Xenopus) — Surinam Water-Toad (Pipa), . . . • • . 25i 



Note.— This Section is the first half of the Fifth Volume ; the Index to the complete 



Volume is in Section X. 



