Yorkshire Naturalists Union: Annual Report, 1915. 43 
in Dewsbury to take advantage of Mr. F. W. Whitaker’s 
knowledge of the alien plants of that locality. 
The Sawley meeting was too early for phanerogamic 
plants, but at Settle, Bishopwood, Saltburn and Hebden 
Bridge, good results were obtained. 
The year opened wet and cold and early spring plants were 
held back, Saxifraga oppositifolia being two or three weeks 
later than in the previous year ; then came a dry spell with east 
winds which forced on plants on shallow soils such as Rock 
Rose, Mountain Avens, etc., into early blossoms, these dis- 
tricts being badly burnt up; but on deeper soils plants like 
the Frog, Clove and Butterfly Orchids were kept back. The 
wet time following towards the end of June, caused many of 
the burnt up plants to come forward into bloom a second time. 
The trees and shrubs seem all to have fruited well, and with 
a few local exceptions, there is prospect of an abundant harvest 
of wild fruits, although perhaps the mountain ash may be an 
exception to this. The fine weather of autumn gives hope 
for the coming year. 
BOTANICAL SURVEY COMMITTEE.—Dr. T. W. Woodhead 
writes :—The most important feature of our excursions during 
the year has been the joint observations made by the geologists 
and botanists during the meeting at Settle in May last. Mr. J. 
Holmes was at much pains to point out the outcrops and 
distribution of the various beds, from the Silurians to the Car- 
boniferous limestones, grits and shales, and observations were 
made on the changes in the vegetation on the varying soils. 
Attention was also paid to the development of the Ash Woods 
of the Limestone Scars and the retrogressive and progressive 
phases in the vegetation of the limestone pavements. Many 
interesting problems present themselves in this area, and 
arrangements have been made to continue the study in more 
detail during the coming season. The survey of the Molina 
Moors by the Rev. T. A. Jeffries is making good progress, and 
the first results were published in the Journal of Ecology for 
June this year. In this he gives a satisfactory explanation 
of its peculiar distribution and its place in our moorland 
associations. 
BRYOLOGICAL COMMITTEE.—Mr. W. Ingham, B.A., writes: 
—Ig1I5 has been a most successful year for the bryologists. 
Mr. R. Barnes of Harrogate has sent important lists of Mosses 
and Hepatics to The Naturalist, March and April, 1915. 
Mr. C. A. Cheetham and party at Austwick, found interesting 
mosses, recorded in The Naturalist, February and May, 1915. 
Mr. C. A. Cheetham found in Crummock Dale, Grimmiar Hat- 
mani, new to Yorkshire. He and Mr. H. E. Johnson added 
-Dicranum strictum to Yorkshire. 
1916 Jan. 1. 
