146 Notes and Comments. 
spent a further ten days in the district, and in 1913 he spent a 
week in the district around Black Combe, Cumberland, where 
similar features had been described by Mr. Bernard Smith. A 
later visit was paid in 1914. The result of these visits was an 
accumulation of notes which did ‘not contain enough new 
matter for the Journal of the Geological Society of London, 
and is much too long for the Geological Magazine.’ The 
notes therefore appeared in pamphlet form.* 
TRIBUTE TO PROF. KENDALL. 
In view of the warmth of the discussions which at one time 
occurred between Prof. Bonney and his following of ‘ Sub- 
mergers,’ and Prof. Kendall and the ‘ land-ice’ men, it is of 
interest to note the following tribute paid to the value of Prof. 
Kendall’s work. Prof. Bonney states (p. 8) :—‘ Proceeding 
now to a discussion of those parts of the Cleveland district 
which I have examined, I wish to remark at the outset that, 
while I differ entirely from Prof. Kendall in his interpretation 
of their phenomena, I am none the less sensible of the value 
of his investigations. His paper, with its admirable map and 
sections, is a model of careful and indefatigable work, and its 
value will remain, as a record of facts, whatever be the fate of 
his hypothesis. Speaking in general terms, I accept his facts, 
but interpret them very differently ; indeed, to use a homely 
phrase, we not seldom reverse the position of cart and horse.’ 
In short, the rev. gentleman will have none of the dammed 
lakes, but considers the features exhibited represent an ancient 
system of drainage. 
PROFESSOR BONNEY’S CONCLUSIONS. 
Prof. Bonney concludes: ‘I regard the West Cumberland 
channels as relics of an ancient drainage system ; perhaps pre- 
triassic, but the absence of Carboniferous Limestone from this 
district makes it impossible to make a nearer approximation ; 
those, however, of Cleveland must be Post-Jurassic, if not 
Post-Cretaceous. The Ringstead Channel must obviously be 
the latter, and is probably of the same date as the earlier valleys 
of East Anglia; that is to say, distinctly anterior to the Ice 
Age. Our choice, in fact, lies between regarding these so-called 
overflow channels as relics of ancient, sometimes very ancient, 
valley systems, or, with the geologists whose views I have been 
combatting, as quite modern features (in a geological sense). I 
have endeavoured to show that the latter hypothesis involves 
difficulties of the gravest kind ; one being that we should have 
to attribute so many of the more important features of Britain 

* «On certain Channels attributed to Overflow Streams from Ice- 
Dammed, Lakes, by L.. Ge -Bonney,.5¢.D), LED > Bess etces Gam— 
bridge : Bowes and Bowes, 44 pages, Is. net. 
Naturalist 
