208 Yorkshire Naturalists at Bolton Woods. 
were seen or heard. Of the other species the Blackcap and 
the Garden Warbler were not heard in their usual numbers 
for this district... Possibly this may have been partly accounted 
for by the heat of the day. More Tree Pipits were seen than is 
usual in a ramble through these woods, yet much fewer were 
heard in song. 
Many nests of different species were noted, including a 
particularly small nest of the Chaffinch which more resembled 
the nest of a Humming-bird, on a branch of an ash-tree. The 
sitting Chaffinch’s body exceeded the size of this abnormal 
nest by quite one inch at the forequarters, and three inches at 
the tail-end. The bird sat most obligingly for a fairly close 
inspection by all present. This species is unusually numerous 
and tame in Bolton Woods. A nest of the Dipper, with six 
quite fresh eggs was examined Bese a second brood. 
Five species of Mammals were noticed, which included the 
decreasing squirrel—for some reason unknown, as they are 
not killed off—and eight Red Deer that are supposed to be 
descendants of the original feral stock that were hunted by 
the monks of Bolton Abbey ; with the addition of an occasional 
strange buck in order to prevent the herd from dying out by 
in-breeding. 
ARACHNIDA.—Mr. W. Falconer writes :—-After entering 
the park through the Hole in the Wall, the route followed by 
Dr. Fordham, Mr. Winter and myself led up Posforth Gill, 
across to and around the waterfalls in the Valley of Desolation, 
returning through the pine wood above and finishing with a 
short stretch on the left bank of the Wharfe from Lud’s Island 
to the wooden bridge. Although the season was not an unsuit- 
able one for spiders, they were not found either in number or 
variety, the ground covering being of little depth. Beating the 
trees produc ed only the species commonly met with in such a 
situation, Theridion pallens, Bl. Linyphia peltata Wid., 
Epetra diademata Clerck, and less frequently E. cucurbitina 
Clerck, the last two as yet immature. Ground collecting was 
a little more productive, a fair number of different kinds being 
taken, amongst them Enidia cornuta Bl., and ten species 
which have not previously been noted for the woods, but all 
of general occurrence except Drplocephalus latifrons Camb., 
and Troxochrus hiemalis Bl. The little cave on’ the river 
bank was entered, but only Meta merianeé Scop. with its var. 
celata Bl. was seen. A marked feature of the specimens 
collected was their more distinct markings, or darker coloration. 
Harvestmen were mostly young, only three common species 
being recognisable. A few examples only of the common 
false-scorpion were noticed. The mites were a little more 
numerous, eleven species being obtained, viz., Oribates globulius 
Nic., Oppia bipilis Herm., Damaeus clavipes Herm., D. genicu- 
Naturalist, 



