284 The Distribution of Spiders in the East Riding. 
and in the course of the ordinary operations of dispersal 
numerous spiders find their way into the streets and gardens. 
AAs is the case for the whole of Europe and many other parts 
of the world, our common cobweb spider is Tegenaria derhamit, 
which prefers semi-dark or dark conditions. Dysdera crocota 
frequently occurs in cupboards, cellars and outhouses, as well 
as in the open (usually in chalk-pits), and we often have this 
striking spider brought to the Hull Museum. Amaurobius 
similis is also common in houses, especially near windows, 
while Zilla x-notata is equally abundant, but prefers the 
outsides of houses and other buildings. In the summer time 
Saiticus scenicus is very frequently seen, even in the very 
heart of the city, running and jumping about, stalking flies 
on the sun-lit walls of buildings, and, less frequently, Aétus 
pubescens, another of the interesting jumping spiders, may be 
seen in similar situations. The tiny Panamomops bicuspis 
has been found in Hull and possibly is an urban species, while 
private gardens and public parks provide among others such 
species as Drassus lapidosus, Amaurobius fenestralis, Theridion 
varians, Steatoda bipunctata, Stemonyphantes lineata, Lepty- 
phantes nebulosus, L. leprosus, Bathyphantes concolor, B. 
gracilis, Muicryphantes rurestris, Cédothorax retusus, Evigone 
bromiscua, E, dentipalpis, FE. atra, Drplocephalus cristatus, 
D. beck, Pachygnatha degeerm, P. clerckiw, Meta segmen- 
tata, Zilla atrica, Epeira diademata, Xysticus cristatus, 
Lycosa amentata and L. pullata. In greenhouses, the intro- 
duced species Theridion tepidariovrum is common, and in the 
park hothouses another alien, Hasarius adansoni is to be 
found. Little is known yet regarding the spiders which reach 
Hull through the importation of fruit, etc., from foreign 
countries, beyond the fact that living examples of the enormous 
hairy spiders of the genus Myvale are brought to the Hull 
Museum every season. They appear to occur usually among 
bananas. The difficulties of hunting for spiders in our fruit 
markets are very great and require a considerable amount 
of nerve, especially at the present time when a spider hunter 
on the docks would be looked upon with very grave suspicion. 
(2) HOLDERNEss.—Roughly speaking this division includes 
the boulder clay area between the sea and Humber shore and 
the foot of the Wolds. For our present purpose it 1s con- 
venient to exclude the dune area of Spurn and the estuarine 
area of the Humber shore, owing to the peculiar conditions 
which they exhibit. Most of the Holderness area as thus 
‘curtailed as somewhat uninteresting owing to the high state 
of cultivation of most of the area. The barrenness of the sea 
coast is easily accounted for by the instability of the clay 
cliffs and beach, the only species which appears able to maintain 
Naturalist, 
