THE NAPU MUSK-DEER. 3 
from the mouth in the form of tusks, and are generally 
curved backwards towards the points. None of them 
are provided with those cavities beneath the inner 
angles of the eyes, improperly termed lachrymal sacs, 
which are so conspicuous in many species of Deers 
and Antelopes; nor have any of them the thick tufts 
or brushes of hair on the fore part of the legs so 
common in the latter groups. The ears are rather 
small in size, and the eyes remarkably prominent. The 
tail is extremely short in the true Musk; but in the 
other species bears about the same proportion to the 
body as in the Stag. In the Musk the broad, deep, 
and expanded anterior or true hoofs are accompanied 
by corresponding posterior or accessory hoofs of nearly 
equal size and almost touching the ground; while in 
the rest of the group the anterior hoofs are narrow, 
elongated, and pomted, and the posterior, which are 
placed high above the others, bear little resemblance 
to them, but rather assume the appearance of straight, 
adpressed, conical, and pointed claws. 
The synonymy of this little group has been much 
confused in consequence of the imperfect knowledge 
of the subject possessed by most of the writers who 
have attempted to elucidate it. It appears to consist, 
besides the Musk, of four species, one, the Meminna, 
a native of the Island of Ceylon, and the other three 
found in Java and Sumatra. With the Meminna we 
have at present no concern; it is well distinguished 
from the rest by its spotted livery, and no mistake has 
arisen with regard to it. But the ideas of naturalists 
appear to be yet in an unsettled state with respect to 
the others, and a perpetual change of names has been 
the consequence. In order to clear up as far as lies in 
our power this confusion, we shall have recourse to 
the first original descriptions, taken from living indi- 
