276 ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS. 
sent constituted, and which, according to some writers, 
is compensated by the presence of two incisor teeth in 
the upper jaw, which they alone possess, and by the 
greater developement of the canine teeth in the same 
jaw, which they exhibit in common with many others 
of the tribe. Their dentition is im fact peculiar to 
themselves. The real character of the incisors of the 
upper jaw is indicated only by their position in the 
intermaxillary bone, for they are placed at some dis- 
tance from each other and have exactly the shape of 
canines ; the true canines are considerably larger; and 
the cheek-teeth form a regular series like those of the 
generality of Ruminants, but consisting of only two 
false and three true molars. In the lower jaw there 
are but six incisors, the two outermost of the series 
having all the character of canines, and being fully as 
large as those of the upper; and the cheek-teeth con- 
sist of but one false molar and three true ones. The 
Camels have in addition a small rudimentary false 
molar, having the conical form of the canines, and 
placed in the interval between the latter and the cheek- 
teeth, on each side of either jaw. 
Of the remaining characters common to the Camels 
and the Llamas the most important are the length of 
the neck; the comparatively small size of the head ; 
the prolongation and mobility of the upper lip, which 
is deeply divided by a vertical fissure ; and the want of 
a naked muzzle, the openings of the nostrils forming 
merely two transverse fissures in the skin, capable of 
being closed at pleasure. The distinguishing characters 
between the two groups are chiefly founded on the 
difference in dentition just noticed; on the presence of 
a broad callous sole connecting the toes of the Camels 
beneath, which is wanting in the Llamas, whose toes 
are completely separated from each other; and on the 
