182 



GEOGRAPHICAL ZOOLOGY. 



[PART IV. 



southern limits of the forest region east of the Andes, and to 

 about lat. 33° S. in Chili. None are found in the Nearctic 

 region, with the exception of one species in California (Macrotus 

 Califomicus), closely allied to Mexican and West Indian forms. 

 The celebrated blood-sucking vampyre bats of South America 

 belong to this group. Two genera, Desmodus and Diphylla, form 

 Dr. Peters' family Desmodidse. Mr. Dobson, in his recently 

 published arrangement, divides the family into five groups : — 

 Mormopes, Vampyri, Glossophagse, Stenodermata, and Desmo- 

 dontes. 



Numerous remains of extinct species of this family have been 

 found in the bone-caves of Brazil. 



Family 11.— RHINOLOPHID.E. (7 Genera, 70 Species.) 



The Ehinolophidae, or Horse-shoe Bats (so-called from a 

 curiously-shaped membranous appendance to the nose), range 

 over all the Ethiopian and Oriental regions, the southern part 

 of the Palsearctie region, Australia and Tasmania. They are 

 most abundant and varied in the Oriental region, where twelve 

 genera are found ; while only five inhabit the Australian and 

 Ethiopian regions respectively. Europe has only one genus and 

 four species, mostly found in the southern parts, and none going 

 further north than the latitude of England, where two species 

 occur. Two others are found in Japan, at the opposite extremity 

 of the Palsearctie region. 



The genera Nyderis and Megaderma, which range over the 

 Ethiopian and Oriental regions to the Moluccas, are considered 

 by Dr. Peters to form a distinct family, Megadermida3 ; and 

 Mr. Dobson in his recent arrangement (published after our first 



