CHAP. XVIII.] 



BIRDS. 



271 



Malaya (excluding Celebes) ; {Myiagra (16 sp.), Australia and 

 Moluccas to Caroline and Samoa Islands : Hypothymis (2 sp.), 

 Oriental region and Celebes ; Elminia (2 sp.), Tropical Africa ; 

 Muscitodus (2 sp.), Fiji Islands ; Machcerirhynchus (4 sp.), Papuan 

 Islands and North Australia ; Platystira (12 sp.), Tropical and 

 South Africa ; Bhipidura (45 sp.), the Oriental and Australian 

 regions to the Samoa Islands and Tasmania ; Chelidorynx (1 sp.), 

 North India ; Myialestes (2 sp.), India to Ceylon, China, Java 

 and Celebes ; Tchitrea (26 sp.), the entire Ethiopian and Oriental 

 regions, and to North China and Japan ; Philentoma (4 sp.) 

 Malacca, Sumatra, Borneo, and Philippine Islands ; Todopsis 

 (6 sp.), Papuan Islands ; ( 836 ) Pogonociclila (1 sp.), South Africa ; 

 (io6i - w&)Bradyornis (7 sp.), Tropical and South Africa ; ( 1460 ) 

 Chasicmpis (2 sp.), Sandwich Islands. 



Family 18.— PACHYCEPHALID.E. (5 .Genera, 62 Species.) 



The Pachycephalidre, or Thick-headed Shrikes (Pachycepha- 

 lia? of the Hand List omitting Colluricincla, Cracticus, and 

 Pardcdotus) are almost confined to the Australian region, a single 

 species extending to Java and Aracan, and another (?) to Mada- 

 gascar. The family has generally been united with the Laniida?, 

 but most modern ornithologists consider it to be distinct. The 

 distribution of the genera is as follows : — 



Orcoeca (1 sp.), Australia ; Falcunculus (2 sp.), Australia ; 

 Pachycephala (44 sp.), Sula Islands (east of Celebes) to the Fiji 

 Islands, and Australia ; Hyhcliaris (4 sp.), Timor, Celebes, Indo- 

 Malaya, and Aracan; Calicalicus (1 sp.), Madagascar; Eopsaltria 

 (14 sp.), Australia, New Caledonia, and the New Hebrides ; Ar- 

 tamia (4 sp.), Madagascar, — may belong to this family, or to 

 Laniidas, Oriolidre, or Artamidte, according to different authors. 



