eee See ee Se 
Mineralogy and Geology. 121 
This species I have named Larderellite, after Sr. Larderell.* On boil- 
ing the Larderellite in water, ammonia is given out, and a new crystal- 
line salt is obtained, having the formula NHO+86+oHf. Berzelius 
obtained by neutralizing boracic acid and ammonia, a salt crystallizing 
in hexagonal prisms containing according to Gmelin N HO4 B4 
It differs from ee one pel in composition and strikingly in crystal- 
line form. It appears that one and the same salt may be obtained, 
with different prapertioce of water, by employing different tempera- 
tures; and thus is easily explained the analogy between the borate o 
soda of the lagoons and borax, the borate of lime and hydroborocalcite, 
the Larderellite and Berzelius’s borate of ammonia. In the same wa 
according to Berzelius, the sulphate of the protoxyd of manganese 
crystallized at the temperature of 6° R., gives the formula MnS+7H, 
but between 6° and 20°, the formula iin 3+ 6H; and between 20° and 
and 30°, MnS+4. The interesting point in this subject is that these 
compounds of manganese differ widely and irreconcilably in crystal- 
lisation, showing the influence of the water of crystallisation on the 
crystalline form 
Laurent takes boracic acid for monobasic—as the borate of oxyd of 
methyl = C?H%O, BO? + HO, BO®; and the borate of oxyd of ethyl 
= C+H50, BO? + HO, BO® ; and borax for a neutral salt, in which 
ee equivalent of base is replaced by 1 of water, whence the formula of 
Na O, HO, 2B0*-+9HO or 2((Na, H)B)+ 9F.. 
This view is sree by many examples among other boracic acid 
compounds, which are described in Wohler and — s Annalen. 
oe acta s theory my formulas become, for th 
Borate of lime, (Ca, H)B+3H 
Borate of soda, (Na, H) B+ 5H 
Larderellite, (N HO*4+H)B+H 
[The author closes with some observations on the condition of the 
boracie acid of the la agoons. 
On the Thickness of the Ice of the Ancient Glaciers of North 
Wales, and other Points bearing on the Glaciation oat the Country ; 
Prof. Ramsay, (Proc. Brit. Assoc., Athen., No. 1405.)—Prof. Ramsay 
es 
hills remained uncovered by the sea ; and when the mountains again 
Tose, a set of smaller glaciers was formed. The thickness of the ice 
in existing Swiss airs was known to be very great; in the Grindel- 
wald it had been ascertained to amount to 700 feet, and in other in- 
ices was picbakls thicker. The observations of Agassiz and Prof. 
James Forbes on the height. to which grooved and polished surfaces 
Span up the sides of Alpine valleys, had led to the conclusion, that the 
rs had once been much more extensive; and that in the glacier of 
the Aar, for example, it must have amounted to 2,000 feet. The same 
d I have 
vine Another hydrous compound of boracic acid an ammonia ve since noticed 
Secor Sie, Vol, XIX, , No. 55—Jan. 1855. 16 
