H., W. Dove on Rain in the Temperate Zone. 401 
In a treatise that appeared in the Phil. Trans. for 1834, “On the 
Atmospheric Tides and Meteorology of Dukhun,” Colonel Sykes 
showed that on the Plateau of Deccan, only 23” of rain fell, 
which is about twenty per cent of the quantity at Bombay ; but 
that the quantity is much more considerable on the sides of the 
mountain than in Bombay ; and according to new observations 
mous quantity of 250’. In an essay contained in the Phil. 
Trans. for 1850, “ Discussion of meteorological observations taken 
in India at various heights, embracing those of Dodabetta‘on the 
Neilgherry Mountains,” he has further discussed the same phe- 
nomenon. Finall , last year’s Journal of the Asiatic Society of 
Bengal contains observations at the military pray in Hindos- 
tan, from which it appears that in Cherraponjee on the slope of 
Cossya Hills at the same height as Mahabuleshwar, there fell the 
unheard of quantity of 610 inches in one year, an amount far 
exceeding that of any of the more elevated stations. A quantity 
increasing so extraordinarily at a certain height, which decreases 
however in places still higher, is quite irreconcilable with cur- 
rents of air descending from above; it speaks more for a current 
moving horizontally against the side of the mountain, which is 
compelled to ascend on it, and then loses its vapor. n 
second proof of this ascent, in the fact that, (as I gather from 
some new calculations of the temperatures of Hindostan, ,) all the 
high stations show on the approach of the southwest monsoon a 
sudden increase of temperature, which is not found in similar 
e 
tropical rains on the north and west coast of Africa. With the 
tropical they agree in succeeding the highest point of the sun’s 
ee but they differ in not succeeding a ‘courant ascendant,’ 
but a n equatorial current, which is cooled at a higher level. The 
direction of the air-currents too is quite opposite. he tramon- 
tane rules in summer over the Mediterranean as a retreating pro- 
soon prevails over the Indian Ocean. When the northeast mon- 
soon reaches here in winter, the sirocco rages in the Mediterranean, 
In 1835 I showed that the proportions of rain in the middle 
and northerly portions of Europe are comprehended from this 
simple point of view, that the time of eg rains on the outer 
limits of the tropics, the further we go from them, separate into 
two maxima united by slight fallings off, akc come together 
Szconp Szares, Vol. XX, No. 60.—Nov., 1855. 51 
