188 The Botanical Gazette. [June, 
Of course it must not be expected that winter twigs with 
their scars and buds will furnish better means of distinguish- 
ing closely related species than the ordinary botanical ones: 
On the contrary they are apt not to be so good. It is very 
astonishing, however, how successful a means of recognizing 
species these annual twigs can provide. Thus where species 
although placed in the same genus show very marked botani- 
cal differences in their inflorescence, flowers, and leaves, the 
characters provided by the winter buds are usually also very 
well marked. For this purpose the figures here given of the 
several species of the Rhus are very significant—Rhus glabra 
Linn., fig. 15, with its remains of last year’s inflorescence; 
Rhus aromatica Ait., fig. 16, with its spikes for next year's 
blossoming; and Rhus Toxicodendron Linn., fig. 7: The 
figures given of Cornus florida Linn., fig. 35, and Cornus 
On the other hand when the species are more closely pee 
the 
characters presented by the annual twigs 
species of walnut and hickory show this fact very well as can 
o—30, which fe 
of the 
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m the vicinity 0 by the facility 
parison. 
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There are in many states botanical institutions founde 
