234 The Botanical Gazette. * Pugust, 
ordinarily flowering in the spring, also more or less habitually 
blossom a second time in the fall. This fall flowering of 
species among those noted from Italy and the islands, and 
will serve to give a good idea of the wide range of plants 
among which this habit has been observed: 
Fumaria parviflora, Morisia hypogza, Cardamine. hirsuta, Sinapis amplexi- 
caulis, Iberis garrexiana, Reseda Phyteuma, Viola odorata, V._ tricolor, Poly- 
gala vulgaris, P. flavescens, Silene paradoxa sométimes, Malachium a m 
sometimes, Malva rotundifolia, M. borealis, Erodium maritimum, E. cicutarium, 
Ajuga -_mu 
Columnae sometimes, Lamnium album, icromeria approximata, Globul 
Alypum 7 mer plates, G, vulgaris sometimes, G. incanescens sdmelimé, 
Daphne collina sometimes, Daphne Cneorum 77 certain Alpine regions, Passe- 
rina hirsuta, and several species of Urtica. 
A corresponding list from France would be considerably 
smaller. If species growing only in southern France, such as 
luded, it 
more northern ones. In Italy, therefore, many plants manage 
to flower a second time in the fall, owing to diffe h ; 
These may be that the seed produced by spring io 
time to germinate and develop into a plant of sufficient 37° 
: t arching 
to produce flowers already in the same fall; or, etl: case of 
n, and 
having 
€rn countries there is not enough time between Spang pee 
to permit many spring plants to develop this habit blir 
ing again in the fall. ; beet 
Considering how long this habit of fall flowering ee the 
noted in the case of certain species blooming normally = 
Spring, it is surprising that no studies should have been 
