1892.] Relation of Fall to Spring Blossoming Plants. 239 - 
chin laxiflorum occasionally also flowers in spring. Tr. 
Barrelieri flowers in May. r. maritimum blossoms in June 
and July. There are no data at hand to discuss the usual fall 
flowering of the species first mentioned. 
The remaining species of list III are considered as fall flow- 
ering plants which formerly blossomed in the spring. This 
remainder may be conveniently divided into two divisions, 
based upon their presumed former habits, species in which the 
flowers were probably never developed a long time before 
blossoming, and which, therefore, furnished no protecting or- 
gans for the flower buds against winter weather; and species 
which formerly developed their flower buds during the fall 
and kept them protected against the cold of winter in 
scaly and often subterranean buds before the final devel- 
opment and blossoming in spring. To the first division be- 
long Ranunculus bullatus, Taraxacum gymnanthum and species 
of Cyclamen. 
mong European species of Cyclamen the following blos- 
ee he spring: C. repandum, March to May; C. latifoli- 
fll ey to April; C. Coum, January to March. The 
S wing flower in the fall: Cyclamen Europeum, August to 
the sum 
flower so decidedly in the fall or in the spring, and the related 
commonly spring flowers, that the origin of the 
ing ones Species of Cyclamen from former spring ower- 
ea. Y Probable. f 
Owering species, in which the plants show means 0 
