ite 
1892. ] Development of the Flower. 407 
enters the funiculus. According to the investigations of 
Sachs and others, made upon the Composite, we have the as- 
sertion that the nuclear ovule is a lateral out-growth of the 
funiculus, but this statement could not satisfactorily be veri- 
fied by my study of the two genera under investigation. As 
to the question whether the ovule isa lateral outgrowth on the 
flower axis there can be no doubt. 
So far as could be determined no trace of evidence showed 
the ovule to bea direct outgrowth on the axis, but 
on the other hand, an outgrowth on the leaf. Returning 
again to the early growth of the ovule, as before stated, that 
it first appears as a rounded excrescence surmounting the 
funiculus. »At first the ovule consists of a mass of cells, the 
tissue of which is soft and cellular, and is designated the nu- 
cleus of the ovule or the nucellus. By further development 
a large nucleated cell appears within this nucellar tissue, 
which soon divides, the apical cell of which becomes the 
mother-cell of the embryo-sac (fig. 12a). In its early de- 
velopment the nucellar body is almost orthotropous, but by 
further growth it becomes curved (caused by a stronger 
growth on one side) at the point (base of the nucellus, where 
the integument originates (fig. 12 b)’. At first the integu- 
ment. appears as an annular ring; as growth takes place it 
forms a complete wall around the nucellus; as the wall en- 
croaches upon the apical portion of the nucellus, the latter 
becomes more and more curved, but does not seem to be 
wholly inverted till the integument completely surmounts It, 
even passing far beyond the nucellar apex (fig 16). Thus, 
ve . 
we have an ovule which is anatropous; having a single integ- 
gears Picea Se an 
i 
Fi 
ri 
Pr, 
more central portion, the embryo-sac (fig. 13). hy 
lly, this sac consists of but a single nucleated-cell, whic ty 
r. 
‘ Advanced stages of the ovule. eS as 
aie this point it may be stated that the integument does not develop 0 : 
next the funiculus; this is common with anatropous ovules. 
