58 The Vegetable Individual in its relation to Species. 
Art. IX.—The Vegetable Individual in its relation to Species ; 
by Dr. Atexanner Braun,—Translated from the German by 
Cuas. Francis Stone, B. A. 
Parr Il. (Concluded.*) 
Wate thus, on the one hand, all the facts seem to unite in 
establishing the individual nature of the shoot, on comparing 
shoots in their qualitative relations, phenomena are brought to 
view which seem to contradict such a view of its individuality. 
The higher departments of the animal kingdom usually present 
as individuals representatives of the specific type agreeing in all 
essential respects, though, perhaps, not perfectly identical. The 
fact of the separation of the sexes was all that modified this 
view ; and here, indeed, the essence of the species does seem to 
be divided between two different individuals. Attempts have 
Paracelsus ;f that, in fact, the two together must be regarded as 
the one real individual,—and such like. 
This contradiction to the usual view of what constitutes the 
individual is shown in a far higher degree by qualitative compari- 
sons of vegetable shoots, not merely of the _ species, est ban 
us we see, €. g., aquis 
(Pield-Horsetail ) shoots totally different i in aspect canara “wd 
e same root-stock ; in early spring they are pale, discolored, 
unbranched, terminating with a strobilaceous-like fructification } Z 
later, green and foliaceous ones appear, verticillately ramified. In- — 
vestigations into subterranean vegetation show even other varie- 
ties of shoot-formation, viz., offsets dwindling down toa point, 
and club-shaped buds which, ata — period, drop off of them- — 
selves. The Colt’s-foot (Tussi lago Farfara) presents similar 
phenomena, in early spring putting forth leafless shoots, with as- 
paragus-like scales terminating with yellow capitula, which in 
summer are followed by others bearing leaves. The flowers in 
the little capitula of the first present a third variety of shoots in 
their lateral branchlets. Even in common life we distinguish 
leaf-buds from flower-buds, on many trees. Let us consider this 
relation in the Qherry tree, for example. On the same branch 
we find, on the one hand, buds which develop into branches 
bearing leaves, without produc cing flowers; on the other hand 
some bearing only little epeiaate leaves on the shortened axis; 
+ Part II, see the number for ee 185 
“For this ye must know: man genie tage not a whole; only with wo- 
wat whole, That Viner mach atom both toget ether make man, and-nei- 
ther alone.” 
