The Vegetable Individual in its relation to Species. ; 75 
appears on them alone.* Here: the generation splits up into 
three kinds of essential and codrdinate shoots: Ist, the small 
leaf-shoots which after some few inferior-leaves forming the 
vagina, bear two, three, or five foliaceous leaves; 2d, the male . 
flowers, or small shoots, which are provided with stamens 
only; 3d, female inflorescence, shoots with superior-leaves (the 
integumentary scales of the strobile) in whose axils the fruit- 
Scales of the cone are formed, belonging toa farther system of 
axes. In the animal kingdom cases analogous to these occur 
in moneecious Siphonophore, especially in Stephanomia and 
falmopsis, where even more than three kinds of coérdinate in- 
dividuals are emitted from the main axis: in particular motory 
individuals (the so-called swimming-bells), nurses, the proboscis- 
ike formations or imbibing tubes, and as already mentioned, two 
kinds of sexual individuals. 
The differences of shoots thus far considered depend princi- 
do not belong either to the essential or the unessential succession 
Of shodts, 
Conduce -to'th® perfection of any of the common steps of 
_ Of defence, support or adherence. ‘These are the shoots which 
take the form of thorns, bristles, hooks and tendrils, which for 
the most part owe their peculiar abnormal character to an entire 
Stippression of the leaf-formation, and a final induration of the 
point of vegetation: these seem to be the last, terminal or lateral 
members of the generation, abortive in every respect. ‘Not ub- 
frequently they form the last ramification of paniculate and dich- 
oto ; 
* The mai : - elongated branches essentially resembling the 
stem, best ouky lent = hagas be Vat cseaperal red to bud-scales, and ascribed oribec 
