The Vegetable Individual in its relation to Species. 77 
of Cellarie. Individuals in the form of horns (which nsually 
conclude the series of complete cell-inhabiting individuals) occur, 
e. g., in Hucrabea cornuta,* and Cordierii ;+ in another form 
(reminding us of Telorys,) as forked terminal spines, in Vesieu- 
laria spinosa.{ Moveable individuals, representing mere Wweap- 
ons, in form like a bird’s beak, a crab’s claw or a pincers, appear in 
Acamarchis avicularia§ and flustroides,|| Retepora cellulosa 
Scrupocellaria scruposal and many others. In the last named 
Cellarie, besides the claw-individuals, there are also scourge-in- 
dividuals, which Van Beneden himself compared to the cirrhi in 
plants, and which even Leuckardt** acknowledges to be indi- 
vidnals. Beside the ‘Swimming-bells’ evidently resembling Me- 
dus, the peculiar retractile predial filaments of the Siphono- 
phore doubtless belong here also; they are remarkable for a pur- 
plish-red swelling on or under the apex, and they shoot out sin- 
gly as branches from the stalk of the nutritive individual (im- 
bibing-tubes), and themselves bear a series of similarly formed 
laments as secondary branches. They are found with unimport- 
ant departures from this form, especially in Physophora,j> Di- 
phyest{ and Agalmopsis. In the last named genus, according to 
>at's,$$ they have even three modifications: the spadiciferous ter- 
minal piece ends in a long simple filament, or in a short two- 
parted one, or without any filament at all. In Stephanomiall|l 
humerous filaments, called tentacles, arise out of the stalk of the 
nutritive animals (the so-called proboscis-formed organs) withont 
such colored swellings, which in the same manner may also be 
Tegarded merely as individuals with a very incomplete outfit of 
organs. 1] 
# Ellis : op. cit. pl. 21, f. 10. (Cellaria cornuta) ; M. Edw,: Ann. d. Se. Nat, 
(1838) t. 8, £2 ( Orisidia cornuta). 
Cong . de PEypte : P 1% 
r an Beneden: Rech. sur les Bryozoaires, t. 4, f. ¢. sta hl aia 
8 Van Beneden : Let or 1-8 (Cellularia avicularia Pall. Crisia avieularia 
. ae: | Ellis: op. eit. pl. 38, f. 7. 
an Beneden : 1, ¢., t. 5, f. 8-16 Cellaria seruposa Auct. get 
** Leuckardt : Polymorphism. p. ” tt Philippi : Miller's Archiy, 1843, taf. 5. 
: Fauna lit, Norw. tab. 7. he $§ Ib. tab. 5. 
S| Since Sars observed the separation of the Medusa-like sexual individuals in 
Agalmopsis, the view that [pa vars are composite animal stocks has gained 
| Ata and more among zoologists. But this mode of et dys ot 
he 
: * - * ne 
“overcles, which in most of the genera are placed above the nutritive individ- 
pr protective envelopes ; these for “ 
: ha — , : the jodividual ene ae 
4 Ye Not less than eighé different forms under which the individual may appear on 
. & a . . « (Later note) rr hate omitted the anuccaion of these 
