THE ANNALS 



AND 



MAGAZINE OF NATURAL HISTORY. 



[FIFTH SERIES.] 



" per litora spargite museum, 



Naiades, et circiim vitreos considite fontes: 

 Pollice virgineo teneros hie carpite flores : 

 Floribus et pictum, divae, replete canistrum. 

 At vos, o Nymphae CraU'rides, ite sub undas ; 

 Ite, reeurvato variata corallia trunco 

 Vellite museosis e rupibus, et mihi conchas 

 Ferte, Dese pelagi, et pingui conchyiia sueco." 



N.PartheniifHannettasii'EcX. I. 



No. 61. JANUARY 1883. 



I. — What is to be understood by the Term u Deep-sea 

 Fauna" and by what Physical Conditions is its Occurrence 

 governed"? By Prof. T. FUCHS*. 



The great depths of the sea are peopled by a peculiar fauna, 

 which is characterized by the occurrence or predominance of 

 certain species, genera, and families, and presents a very 

 similar constitution over the whole earth, so that a collection 

 of deep-sea animals from any given part of the earth may be 

 immediately and easily recognized as such. 



The following may be regarded as the most striking and 

 characteristic types of the deep sea : 



Oculinidse. 



Cryptohelia. }■ So-called 



Solitary corals. 



Brachiopoda. 



Vitreous sponges (HexactinellidjB). 



Crinoidea (Pentacrimis, Rhizocrinus, Hyo 



Erfunothurise. 



Pourtalesiae. \ Echinida. 



Ananchytidae. 



Brisinga. 



Elasmapodia (a peculiar suborder of Holothurise). 



Ribbon-like fishes (Lepidopidse, Trachypteridae, ^racruridae, 



Ophidiidie). 



* Translated by W. S« Dallas, F.L.S., from the i Verhandlungen derk.-k 

 geologischen Reichsanstait,' 1882, no. 4, pp. 55-68, 



Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 5. Vol. xi. 1 



