NA TURE 



[May 7, 1896 



{Aim. and Ma^. Nal. Htsl., pi. ii., 1895); "On Four New 

 British Amphipoda (Stebbing and Robertson, Zool. Soc. Trans., 

 vol. xiii., pi. v.-vi., 1S91). 



Charles Stew.vrt, 



M.K.C.S., President of the Linnean Society. Conservator 

 of the Museum of the Royal College of Surgeons, and Hun- 

 lerian Professor of Human and Comparative Anatomy. Late 

 lecturer on Comparative .\natomy, and joint lecturer on Physio- 

 logy at .St. Thomas's Hospital. Distinguished as a Biologist. 

 Author of the following papers : — " On the Structure and Cause 

 of Colour in the Nacreous Layer of Shells" (Devon. Assoc. 

 Trans., 1864); "On the Spicula of the Regular Kchinoidea" 

 (Trans. Linn. Soi\, 1S65) ; "On a New Sponge, Tcthyopsis 

 io/iimni/er" (Qiiarl. Journ. Micros. Sci, 1870); "On the 

 Minute .Structure of certain Hard Parts of the genus Cidaris " 

 (idiil, 1871): "Note on the Scalp of a Negro" (Monthly 

 Micros. Journ., 1S73) ; " Note on the Calcareous Parts of the 

 Sucking Feet of an Echinus, Podophora atrata" (ibid., 1873) ; 

 "Notes on Biicep/ialns polyinorp/itis" (ilnd., 1875); " On the 

 Lachrymal Gland of the Common Turtle (ibid., 1877) ; " On a 

 New Coral, .Stylas/er stdlulatus, and Note on Tubipora iniisica " 

 iibid., 1878); Note on an Abnormal Ainhlypneus/es griseiis" 

 {Journ. Linn. Soc, 1880) ; "On certain Organs of the 

 Cidarid;e" (Linn. Soc. Trans., 1877); "On Some Structural 

 Features of Ecliinostreplius inolare, Parasalenia graliosa, and 

 Stomopncustes variolaris" (fourn. Roy. Micros. Soc, 1880) ; 

 " On a Supposed New Boring Annelid " (ibid., 1881); " On a 

 Hermaphrodite Trout, Saimofario''' (Journ. Linn. Soc, 1891) ; 

 "On a Hermaphrodite Mackerel, Scomber scomber'^ (ibid., 

 1891) ; "On Some Points in the Anatomy of Helodcrina" 

 (Proc Zool. Soc, 1891) ; " On a Specimen of the True Teeth of 

 Ornitliorln'nclius" (Quart. Journ. Micros. Sci , 1891). 



Supplcinentnry Ccrtijicate. — FuUerian Professor of Physiology 

 in the Royal Institution. 



William E. Wilson, 

 A gentleman who has devoted himself to astronomical research. 

 In December 1870, he was engaged on the Total Solar Eclipse 

 Expedition to Oran. In 1872 he built an astronomical observa- 

 tory at Daramona and equipped it with a 1 2" reflector by Grubb. 

 In 18S1 he built a new observatory and equipped it with a 

 24" reflector by Grubb. In 1891 this was remounted and 

 provided with electric control for stellar photography. Author 

 •of " A Method of recording the Transits of Stars by Photo- 

 i;raphy " (Roy. Astron. Soc, 1889); "A New Photographic 

 Photometer for Determining the Magnitudes" (ibid., 1892); 

 ■" On the Radiation of Heat from Sun .Spots" (Proc Roy. Soc, 

 vol. Iv. ) ; " The Absorption of Heat in the Solar Atmosphere " 

 iProc. Roy. Irish Acad., 1892), in conjunction with Prof. 

 Rambaut ; "Experimental Investigations on the Effective 

 Radiation from the Sun " (/V;;'/. Trans., 1894), in conjunction 

 with Mr. P. L. Gray ; " On the Temperature of the Carbons in 

 the Electric Arc" (Proc Roy. Soc, 1892), in conjunction with 

 Mr. P. L. Gray. 



Supplementary Certificate. — In addition to the qualifications 

 already set forth the following may be mentioned :—(i) Mr. 

 Wilson has undertaken to carry out Experiments on Solar 

 Radiation for the Committee of the British Association ; (2) he 

 has written a paper entitled " The Thermal Radiation from .Sun 

 Spots" (.!/<;////(/)/ Notices R.A.S., vol. Iv., No. 8); (3) he has 

 also written on " The Effect of Pressure of the surrounding (Jas 

 on the Temperature of the Crater of the Electric .\rc'" (Proc 

 Roy. Soc, vol. Iviii.). 



Horace Bolinobrokic Woodward, 



F.tl.S. , Geologist on the Geological Survey of England and 

 Wales. Hon. Mem. Norfolk Nat. Soc. and Vorksh. Phil. Soc. 

 -Awarded the Murchison Fund by the Council of the Geological 

 Society in 1885. Onthestafl'of the Geological Survey since 

 1867, and author of the following memoirs : — " Geology of East 

 Somerset and Bristol Coalfields" (1876); "Geology of the 

 Country around Norwich" (1881); " Geology of the Country 

 around Fakenham, &c." (1884); and of parts of five other 

 memoirs ; also of parts of sixteen sheets of the map, and of nine 

 sheets of sections. Author of " The Geology of England and 

 Wales" (1876 and 1S87) ; of two papers in Quart. Journ. Geol. 

 Soc. (1876, 1S86): nine papers, &c., in Proc. Gcol. Assoc. 

 (1875-1889) ; of two I're.sidential Addresses to the Norwich 



NO. 1384, VOL. 54] 



Gcol. Soc. (1879, 1880); of eleven other papers published by 

 Norfolk and Somersetshire Societies (1874- 1 887) ; of nine papers 

 in the Geological Magazine ; of Reports on Coast Erosion (Brit. 

 Assoc, 1885, 1889); and of Reports on Pliocene and Post 

 Pliocene Beds to the British Sub-Committee of the International 

 Cleological Congress (1882, 1888), 



Supplementary Certificate. — Since the above certificate was 

 .sent in, Mr. Woodward has been J'resident of the Geologists' 

 As.sociation and of the Norfolk Naturalists' Society. He has 

 also published various papers and memoirs, including the follow- 

 ing : — " Formation of Landscape Marble " (Geol. Mag., 1892) ; 

 " Geological Zimes" (/'^w. Geol. Assoc, 1892); "Oolitic Iron 

 Ore in Raasay " (Geot. Mag., 1893); " Memoir on the Lias of 

 England " (Geological Survey, 1893). 



William Palmer Wynne, 



D.Sc (Lond. ), .Assistant Professor of Chemistry in the Royal 

 College of Science, South Kensington. Distinguished for his 

 zeal and ability as an organic chemist. -Vuthor of "Action o. 

 Sulphuryl Chloride on Acetorthotoluidide and Acetopara- 

 toluidide, Mono-, Di-, and Tri-chlorotoluenesulphonic Acids," 

 and " Note on the Constitution of Nevile and Winther's Ortho- 

 toluidenesulphonic Acid and of the Sulphonic Acids of Orthc- 

 chlorotoluene and Orthobromotoluene '' ( Trans. Chem. Soc. , 

 1892). Joint Author with Prof. Japp of " .\ction of Alde- 

 hydes and .Vmmonia on Benzil" (Trans. Chem. Soc, 1886). • 

 Joint Author with Prof. Armstrong of twenty-four papers in 

 the Proc. Chem. Soc. from 1886-93 °" Naphthalene and its 

 Derivatives. 



Supplementary Certificate. — Has submitted to the Chemical 

 Society since 1S93 papers on the Disul phonic .\cids of Toluene 

 and of Ortho- and Para-chlorotoluene (in conjunction with Mr. 

 James Bruce) ; on the Six Dichlorotoluenes and their .Sulphonic 

 Acids (in conjunction with Mr. Alfred Greeves) ; and eleven 

 ccimmunications on Naphthalene Derivatives (in conjunction 

 with Dr. Armstrong). In their communications on Naphthalene 

 (thirty-nine in all) made to the Chemical Society during the pa.st 

 ten years, Drs. Armstrong and Wynne have revised practically 

 the whole of the Chemistry of Naphthalene in so far as relates to 

 the formation of its Chlorinated and Sulphonated Derivatives, 

 and, besides describing many new Derivatives, have placed 

 beyond question the structure of the ten Di- and fourteen Tri- 

 Chloronaphthalenes to which respectively all other Di- and Tri- 

 Derivatives may be referred. 



ON LIPP.MANN'S COLOUR PHOTOGRAPHY 

 WITH OBLIQUEL V INCIDENT LIGHT. 



IN the discussion which followed Prof. Lippmann's 

 splendidly interesting comniLinication to the Royal 

 Society (.April 23), on colour photography, I suggested 

 the possibility of applying his method to the Rontgen 

 X-light ; but at the same time remarked that it might 

 be found impracticable on account of the smallness of 

 the specular reflection of the X-light from polished sur- 

 faces, unless at obliquities little short of go^. Lord 

 Blythswood's experiments, communicated to the Royal 

 Society on March 19, seemed to prove decisively some- 

 thing of true specular reflection of X-light, incident on a 

 plane mirror of speculum metal at 45^ E.xperiments, 

 which he has since made by ineans of a concave mirror 

 of speculum metal, have demonstrated beyond all doubt 

 that there is regular reflection at nearly normal in- 

 cidence ; but they have also proved that the amount of 

 regularly reflected light is exceedingly small in propor- 

 tion to diffuse light caused to emanate from the mirror, 

 by the incidence of .\-light upon it. Experiments by 

 Joly, of Dublin, have, I believe, proved somewhat 

 abundant specular reflection of the .\-light, at incidences 

 little short of 90% on surfaces of bodies transparent to 

 ordinary light. .\nd the extremely small refractivity of 

 the photographic gelatine film for X-light, will allow 

 incidences little short of go' upon the metal mirror, to 

 be used instead of the normal incidences which Prof. 

 Lippmann has hitherto used. But for very oblique 

 incidences the mercury minor, with its surface fitted to 



