240 



REPORT 1884. 



(<Z) Their height— 



(1) When built. 



(2) To leeward above the shingle. 



(3) To windward above the 

 shingle. 



(e) The material of which they are 



built. 

 (/) The influence which they exert. 



13. If shingle, sand, or rock is being 



artificially removed, state — 



(a) From what part of the foreshore 



(with respect to the tidal range) 

 the material is mainly taken. 



(b) For what purpose. 



(c) By whom — Private 



Local authorities, 

 panies. 



Whether half-tide 

 before such removal, acted as 

 natural breakwaters. 



14. Is the coast being worn back by the 



sea ? If so, state — 



(a) At what special points or districts. 



(&) The nature and height of the 

 cliffs at those places. 

 At what rate the erosion now 

 takes place. 



What data there may be for 

 determining the rate from early 

 maps or other documents. 

 Is such loss confined to areas 

 bare of shingle 1 



w 



individuals. 

 Public com- 



reefs had, 



00 



GO 



15. Is the bareness of shingle at any of 

 these places due to artificial causes ? 



N.B. — Answers to the foregoing questions will 

 and valuable by sketches illustrating the points t 



(a) By abstraction of shingle. 



(&) By the erection of groynes, and 

 the arresting of shingle else- 

 where. 



16. Apart from the increase of land by 



increase of shingle, is any land being 

 gained from the sea ? If so, state — 



(a) From what cause, as embanking 



salt-marsh or tidal foreshore. 



(b) The area so regained, and from 



what date. 



17. Are there ' dunes ' of blown sand in 



your district 1 If so, state — 



(«) The name by which they are 



locally known. 

 (&) Their mean and greatest height. 

 (e) Their relation to river mouths 



and to areas of shingle. 



(d) If they are now increasing. 



(e) If they blow over the land ; or 

 are prevented from so doing by 

 ' bent grass ' or other vegetation, 

 or by water channels. 



18. Mention any reports, papers, maps, 



or newspaper articles that have 

 appeared upon this question bear- 

 ing upon your district (copies will 

 be thankfully received by the 

 Secretaries). 



19. Remarks bearing on the subject that 

 may not seem covered by the fore- 

 going questions. 



inmost cases be rendered more precise 



•eferred to. 



Report of the Committee, consisting of Professors A. H. Green and 

 L. C. Miall and Messrs. John Brigg and ^ James W. Davis 

 (Secretary), appointed to assist in the Exploration of the Ray gill 

 Fissure in Lothersdale, Yorkshire. 

 During the past year operations have been entirely suspended, to 

 enable the proprietors of the quarry in which the fissure is situated to 

 remove, by quarrying, a large mass of limestone, which greatly interfered 

 with the work of excavation by your Committee. The removal of this 

 limestone is now nearly completed, and it is hoped that in two or three 

 months the examination of the fissure may be resumed. The importance 

 of the work was sufficiently demonstrated in the report of last year, and 

 your Committee suggest that the grant of 15?. should be renewed and 

 increased to 202. They wish to express their sense of the kindness of the 

 proprietors, Messrs. Spencer, who have, at considerable cost and no small 

 inconvenience, greatly facilitated the work of the Committee, besides 

 reducing the cost of its future explorations. 



