ON THE THEORY OF THE STEAM-ENGINE. 583 



THe work of developing this theory is still incomplete. It remains 

 to be ' determined, by experiment, precisely what are the laws of transfer 

 of heat between metal and vapour, in the engine cylinder, and to apply 

 these aws in the theory of the machine. Cotterill has shown how beat 

 penetrates and traverses the metal, and Grashof has indicated the 

 existence of an intermediate and approximately constant temperature, 

 between the temperatures of the initial steam and of the exhaust, and 

 both lave given us some new methods. The writer, while pointing ont 

 the nature of the true ' curve of efficiency ' of the steam-engine, which he 

 was so fortunate as to discover, has shown how it may be made useful in 

 the solution of practical and of theoretical problems involved in the 

 applied theory of heat-engines, and many able minds are now engaged 

 upon the theory. There can be little doubt that it will soon become 

 satisfactorily complete. 



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Tredgold, Thos. ' Treatise on the Steam-Engine.' London : 1827. 



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Isherwood, B. F. ' Engineering Precedents.' New York : 1850. 



Isherwood, B. F. ' Researches in Engineering.' Philadelphia: 1863. 



Clausius, R. ' The Mechanical Theory of Heat with its Applications 

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Clausius, R. Translated by Walter R. Browne. London: 1879. 



Hirn, G. A. ' Thermodynamique.' Paris : 1876-7. 



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Thurston, R. H. 'History of the Steam-Engine.' (International 

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