266 REPORT—1885. | 
These were not distinguished by name until quite recently, and are 
still very often confused. : 
The nomenclature in general use is illustrated on tables 8-12. 
Basic salts of oxygen acids in which for the same quantity of base there 
is 4, 4, &c. as much acid as there is in the normal salt are called 
di ate, tri (or tris)——ate, &c. (in German, halb saures Salz, 
drittel saures Salz, &c.) 
Basic salts of oxygen acid were also named by the proportion of base 
to acid, the proportion in the normal salt being taken as unity—bibasic, 
terbasic, &c. salts (in German, zweifach, dreifach, ete. basische Salze). 
Thus trisnitrate (drittel saures salpetersaures Saiz) is the same as terbasic 
nitrate (dreifach basisches salpetersaures Salz), Latin adverbial numerals 
- being used for multiples, and Greek adverbial numerals for submultiples. — 
The compounds of basic oxides with haloid salts (corresponding to 
the basic salts of the oxygen acids) are variously named; thus, oxy- 
chloride, bisoxychloride, basic chloride, bibasic chloride. The numerals 
here refer not to the number of atoms of oxygen and halogen, but to the 
proportion of metal combined with oxygen and halogen respectively — 
(or perhaps more correctly to the proportion of equivalents of oxygen and 
halogen) ; thus 2PbO.PbCl, is bisoxychloride, or bibasic chloride. It is 
to be noted that corresponding basic haloid and oxygen salts have not the 
same numeral ; as— 
PbO.PbCl, is basic chloride (einfach basisches Chlorid). 
PbO.Pb(NO3), is bibasic nitrate (zweifach basisches Salz), because | 
it is 2PbO.N,O,. 
2PbO.PbCI, is bibasic chloride (zweifach basisches Chlorid). 
2PbO.Pb(NO3;), is terbasic nitrate (dreifach basisches Salz), because 
it is 3PbO.N,O,. 
SunpHur Sarrs.—Table 14. 
These have sometimes, especially in German, been named as double 
sulphides, but usually, in Latin, Nnglish, French, and recently also in 
German, follow the names of the corresponding oxygen salts. 
SutpeHur Basic Satts.—Table 13. 
Compounds of normal salts with sulphides of the metal. These were 
discovered by H. Rose, and called by Berzelius sulphur basic (schwefel 
basisch), as corresponding to the compounds of normal salts with the basic 
oxide. This nomenclature has not been generally adopted, and, as will be 
seen from the table, there is little uniformity in naming these substances. 
Dovste Satrs. 
With very few exceptions, these may be classified in two sets. 
1. With a common salt radical. 2. With acommon metal. 1. Witha 
common salt radical. Here again there are two kinds. (a) Salts of 
polybasic acids. (6) Compounds of two haloid salts, or of a haloid salt, 
with a compound of a halogen and a non-metallic element. 
(a) These are named consistently with the names of the simple salts; 
as phosphate of magnesia and ammonia, phosphorsaure ammoniak- 
Magnesia, magnesium ammonium orthophosphate, ammonic magnesi¢ 
phosphate, or, with what may perhaps be called an adverbial modification 
of the first adjective, ammonio-magnesic phosphate. 
(b) Of these we may take as examples 2KF, SiF,; 2KCl, PtCl,; 
2KCN, Pt(CN),; KF, BF;; KCl, AuCl,; 4KCN, Fe(CN),; 3(KCN), 
Fe(CN);. See Tables 15, 16, 17. : 
