360 REPORT—1885. 
R. P. Whitfield for the genus Echinocaris and its species, and reproduced 
illustrative figures from their memoirs, namely :— 
‘Sixteenth Annual Report State Cab. N. Y.’ 1863. 
Ceratiocaris armatus, J. Hall, p. 72, pl. 1, figs. 1-8. Hamilton Group, Ontario 
County, N. Y. 
f longicaudus, J. Hall, p. 73, pl. 1, figs. 4-7 (2). Genessee Slate, On- 
tario County, N. Y. 
Pf ? punctatus, J. Hall, p. 74, pl. 1, fig. 8. Hamilton Group, Cayuga 
Lake, N. Y. 
‘Palzont. New York,’ vol. v. part 2; ‘Illustrations of Devonian Fossils,’ &c. 1876. 
Ceratiocaris armatus, J. Hall, pl. 23, figs. 4, 5. 
‘5 punctatus, J. Hall, pl. 23, fig. 7. 
Both of these are referred to one species in the Explanation of the Plate. 
‘Americ. Journ. Sci.’ ser. 3, vol. xix. Jan. 1880. 
Echinocaris sublevis, Whitfield, p. 36, figs. 4-6. 
x pustulosa, Whitfield, p. 38, fig. 7. 
a multinodosa, Whitfield, p. 38, fig. 8. 
In separate plate. All from the Erie Shales (Portage and Chemung, at Leroy, 
Lake County, Ohio). 
Echinocaris punctata, Hall. Whitf. p. 37. Carapace. = LE. punctata, accord- 
#8 armata, Hall. Whitf. p. 37. Abdomen and ing to Prof. Whit- 
telson. field. 
These two we put together as H. armata, ‘ Geol. Mag.’ 1884, p. 398; 
and we hazarded the opinion that figs. 4, 5, and 6 of pl. 1 (1863) may 
have belonged to this species, and that certainly fig. 7 was specifically (if 
not generically) distinct. 
Mr. C. E. Beecher, of Albany, has added considerably of late to our 
knowledge of Hchinocaris and its allies (‘Second Geol. Surv. Pennsyl- 
vania: Report of Progress, P.P.P.’ 1884). Giving a careful account of 
the generic characters of this form, and of the specific features of 
Ei. punctata (Hall), p. 6, pl. 1, figs. 183-16, he adds 2. socialis, n. sp., 
p- 10, pl. 1, figs. 1-12; and then describes Elymocaris siliqua, nov. gen. 
et sp., p. 13, pl. 2, figs. 1, 2; Tropidocaris, gen. nov., p.15; Tr. bicarinata, 
n. sp., p. 16, pl. 2, figs. 3-5 ; Tr. interrupta, n. sp., p. 18, pl. 2, fig. 6; 
and 7'r. alternata, n. sp., p. 19, pl. 2, figs. 7, 8. Except E. alternata, 
which is from the Waverley Group, the new species are from the Chemung 
Group, Warren, Pennsylvania. The trifid caudal appendage seems to have 
had the lateral spines (stylets) of nearly the same length as the central spine 
(telson or style). He describes also and figures some denticulated mandi- 
bles from the Hamilton Group, New York, at p. 9, and pl. 2, figs. 9-11. 
We further added a critical note on the Equisetides Wrightiana, Daw- 
son, from the Portage Group, New York State, ‘ Quart. Journ. Geol. Soe.’ 
vol. xxxvii. 1881, p. 301, pl. 12, fig. 10, and pl. 13, fig. 20. We 
ventured to think we had good proof of this being really a portion of the 
abdomen (two segments) of a very large Hehinocaris—H. Wrightiana 
(Dawson). Like the other Hehinocarides, it was found in the Devonian 
strata of North America. This interesting relic represents perhaps the 
largest Ceratiocarid known, each segment being about 2 inches long, 
2 inches high, and 1 inch thick. 
With L. armata (punctata) Mr. Beecher finds associated many denticu- 
lated mandibles, similar to those found with Ceratiocaris in Scotland. 
Some he refers to that species; others he thinks belonged to an unknown 
species. Fig. 16 illustrates a pair of mandibles in place, ‘nearly one- 
third the length of the valves’! The carapace of this species measures 
about 30 x 20 mm. (largest 55 x 37 mm.) ; there are six external segments, 
prickly on the back, smooth underneath, 85 mm. ; telson, 23 mm. 
tm Sa 
