RATE OF EROSION OF THE SEA-COASTS OF ENGLAND AND WALES. 437 
44. Yes. a. Especially in recent years opposite Blatchington Battery, which has 
for this reason been abandoned. b. Chalk cliffs about 40 or 50 feet high. d. 
Numerous maps exist of this strip of coast-line. A highway road between 
Blatchington Battery and the sea was washed away about twelve years ago. 
e. No; at Blatchington Battery the shingle is plentiful, and moves freely. A 
small groyne would probably arrest erosion at this point. 
25. No; I think not. 
16. Frequent floods, sometimes covering some hundreds of acres of land, occurred 
previous to the works named being carried out. On the west side of the 
harbour about seven acres of foreshore have been enclosed by a wall and 
reclaimed. 
17. No dunes of sand exist here. 
18. Numerous reports and maps of the sea-front exist, but these being out of print 
are difficult to obtain. Up to the time of the erection of a large groyne west 
of Newhaven Harbour in 1847-48 the movement of shingle was unchecked, and 
the loss at the east end of the bay was replaced by shingle travelling from the 
west. This groyne appears to have permanently checked the movement of 
the shingle, and erosion has taken place principally at the centre of the are 
formed by Seaford Bay. The object of the present works is to retain what 
shingle remains, and to arrest its movement. A concrete sea-wall has been 
erected opposite the town of Seaford ; and if this wall and that of the Harbour 
Co. were united (the distance being about 1,400 yards) Seaford Bay would 
be safe for many years. West of Newhaven Breakwater large deposits of 
shingle are accumulating. 
15. Beachy Head to Hastings. 
By Colonel E. C. Sim, R.E., Royal Engineer Office, Brighton. 
1. From Beachy Head to Hastings. 
2. Mostly cliff, with the exception of Pevensey Bay, chalk, and sandstone. The 
greatest height is 512 feet—Beachy Head. 
3. South-east. 
4. South-west. 
5.a.5.5.W. b. SSW. c. S.S.W. 
6. To the eastward. 
7. (1) a. 21 feet 9 inches. b. 15 feet. (2) a. 150 yards on an average. b. 120 
yards on an average. 
$8. Shingle and sand. 
9. a. 20 yards to 50 yards generally, but in Pevensey Bay the shingle is nearly a 
mile wide. ec. South-east. d. 6 inches by 3 inches. e. Continuous slope. 
10. Diminishing slowly. 
21. Partly artificial. 
22. a. South-west. b. From 80 feet to 250 feet. e. 100 yards at Eastbourne. 
d. (1) 12 feet to15 feet. (2) 12 feet. (3) Full. They vary in length and 
distance apart at different places along the coast. e. Oak and beech. f. Pre- 
vent the scour of the sea, and to a certain extent retain the shingle. 
23. a. Half-tide. b. Building and concrete work. e. Local builders. Corpora- 
tion of Eastbourne, and Local Board at Bexhill. Newhaven Harbour Co. 
d. Slightly, near Beachy Head. 
14. a. Generally. b. Sandstone and chalk. Height varies. ¢. It varies, but during 
| ___ the last twelve months about 10 feet at Bulverhythe, near Hastings. d. There 
are some old maps. e. No. 
215. This cannot be stated positively. a. Probably tosome small extent. b. Groynes 
appear to save one part of the foreshore to a certain extent at the expense of 
another. The breakwater at Newhaven Harbour appears to prevent the 
accumulation of shingle between it and Beachy Head. 
26. No. The inroads of the sea are checked at Hastings, Bexhill, Eastbourne, New- 
haven, Brighton, Worthing, &c., by sea walls, which there is a general tendency 
to extend. 
17. No. 
19. Two Memoranda by Colonel E. C. Sim, R.E., are forwarded herewith. [Printed 
on pp. 410, 412.] 
