Bd. IV: ıı) THE LICHENS. 5 
internis instructus valde conglutinatis jodo caerulescentibus; hypothallus effusus thallo 
concolor; apothecia emergentia et bene celevata, nigra, difformia, contigua, mutua 
pressione angulosa, 0.s—ıI.o mm lata, ab initio margine instructa, etiam persistente; 
epithecium et parathecium carbonaceum; hypothecium vulgo decolor aut parte in- 
feriori fuscescens; asci 9 u lata; sporae, octonae, hyalinae, unicellulares, 12— 14x 3—5 u 
magnae; spermogonia et soralia non visa; habitat ad lapillos camporum, Sozxthk Georgia. 
Notes: This species is not unlike Zeezdea auriculata Tu. FR. but the spores of 
the latter are smaller. At first sight our plant appears to possess no thallus at all 
but a more careful examination soon reveals that the thallus is only of the same 
colour as the substratum. There is no regular areolation but as the thallus becomes 
older chinks are formed but not in the regular way generally met with. I have no 
doubt however that the chinks in our species have the same function as the more 
regular structures met with in other crustaceous species namely that of rapidly ab- 
sorbing water. 
Biatora lavae nov. spec. 
(Plate 1, fig. 7.) 
Thallus crassus, granuloso-convolutus, carnosus (i. e. carni concolor); hypothallus 
nullus distinctus; apothecia emergentia, elevata et quasi stipitata, lecideina, immargi- 
nata, convexa, rufescentia; epithecium rufescens; parathecium et hypothecium decolor; 
sporae octonae, hyalinae aut pallidissime virescentes, unicellulares, 12—I4x8—9 u 
magnae; spermogonia et soralia non visa; habitat ad lavam, Graham Land, Paulet 
Island. 
Notes: A small specimen of this plant only was met with and its special interest 
lies in the nature of the substratum. The species of Diatora are not characteristically 
epilithic or endolithic plants but mainly choose wood or moss and earth as their 
substratum. But in this new species we have a species growing on the bare lava 
in the cold regions of Paulet Island. 
Bacidia tuberculata nov. spec. 
(Plate ı, fig. 8.) 
Thallus crassior, rimoso-areolatus, superficialiter tuberculo-granulosus, cinereus, 
marginem obscurior; gonidia protococcoidea; apothecia lecideina, nigra, emergentia, 
elevata, primo concava aut planiuscula, margine crassiusculo instructa, dein convexa, 
saepius confluentia et difformia, margine quasi distincto instructa, ad 0.s—I.o mm 
lata; epithecium nigrum; parathecium et hypothecium carbonaceum; paraphyses ad 
2 u latae, sed apicibus nigricantibus multo crassiores; asci 50 u lati, parietibus in- 
structi 3—4 u crassis; sporae octonae, fasciatim dispositae in ascis, hyalinae, 6—10- 
