ON THE CIRCULATION OF UNDERGROUND WATERS. 147 
Ninth Report of the Committee, consisting of Professor E. Hutt, 
Dr. H. W. Crosskey, Captain Dovcias Gastron, Professors 
G. A. Legour and J. Prestwicu, and Messrs. JAMES GLAISHER, 
H. Marten, E. B. Marten, G. H. Morton, W. PENGELLY, JAMES 
PuanT, JAMES Parker, I. Roperts, THos. S. Stooke, G. J. Symons, 
W. TopLey, E. WeTHERED; W. Wuitaker, and C. E. Dr Rance 
(Secretary) appointed for the purpose of investigating the Cir- 
culation of Underground Waters in the Permeable Formations 
of England, and the Quantity and Character of the Water 
supplied to various Towns and Districts from these Formations. 
Drawn wp by C. E. De Rance. 
Ten years having elapsed since your Committee was appointed at Belfast, 
they think this a fitting opportunity to review the results go far obtained, 
and to point out where they consider additional information is still required, 
in the hope that they may receive assistance in their investigations from 
the various local societies or from individuals who may be disposed to 
aid in the work. 
Composition of the Committee.—The Chairman of the Committee, 
Professor Hull, F.R.S., and the Secretary, Mr. De Rance, F.GS., 
were appointed in 1874; the nine reports have been drawn up by the 
latter. Of the original Committee, Professor Prestwich, F.R.S., Messrs. 
Morton, J. Plant, W. Whitaker, and the Rev. Dr. Crosskey also still 
serve. The Committee have lost by death Professor Harkness, F.R.S., 
Mr. Binney, F.R.S., Mr. Charles Moore, F.G.S., and Mr. W. Molyneux, 
all of whom have rendered important assistance, as have the following, 
who haye retired from the Committee: Messrs. Mellard Reade, C.E., 
Tylden Wright, H. H. Howell, Fox-Strangways, and Lowe, F.R.S. 
General assistance has been given by the following, who have since 
retired from the Committee: Sir Frederick Bramwell, F.R.S., the Rev. 
W.S. Symons, and Mr. R. W. Mylne, F.R.S. 
The members of the Committee who took charge of districts and have 
carried out the heavy work of the inquiry, were in the Midlands, Mr. James 
Plant, Mr. W. Molyneux, and Mr. H. Marten; in the south-west of 
England, Messrs. Pengelly, Moore, and Stooke (the latter has obtained 
also much information in Shropshire and Cheshire) ; in Lancashire the 
work has been done by Messrs. Binney, Morton, and De Rance, supple- 
mented by very valuable special reports by Messrs. Mellard Reade and 
I. Roberts ; in Gloucestershire Mr. Wethered has done good work, and 
contributed a report of great value on the quantity of water held by rocks 
of various ages ; in the north-east of England the work has been done by 
Professors Green and Lebour, and Messrs. Howell and Fox-Strangways. 
The work entrusted to your Committee was twofold—first, to inquire 
into the circulation of underground waters in permeable formations; 
secondly, to ascertain the quantity and quality of the water supplied 
to towns and districts from these formations. "The information obtained 
occupies nine reports; the eight already published fill up no less than 
163 pages of the annual volume of the Association, and contain a record 
of upwards of 500 wells and borings. 
Your Committee believe that the publication of these results, by 
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