‘250 REPORT—1883. 
east corner, above described. This trench was 6 feet broad, and about 
14 feet long (see Plate III., fig. 4); in it were only found— 
No, 36, A small fragment of pottery, seemingly a portion of the base 
of a rudely-made vessel, in quality not distinguishable from Nos. 27- 
32. Near old surface, about 2 feet from surface of rampart. A small 
flint flake was found with it, and another (No. 37) further up the cutting, 
both unweathered. 
The number of flint flakes in the rampart of this camp is somewhat 
large in proportion to the amount of material excavated. Many flakes of 
a ruder class than those catalogued, artificial splinters of flint, and rude 
‘cores,’ have not been kept. 
The flakes are all as sharp as on the day they were struck off, only 
one showing signs of use (No. 8 b); they all have the ‘cone of percus- 
sion,’ are lustrous, and the flints from which they were made belonged to 
the local gravel deposits. Several exhibit small ferruginous concretions 
upon them. 
The discovery of a large number of flakes, and a quantity of burnt 
wood and burnt stones in one position in the second cutting (vide Nos. 
16-18) seems to point (as was first suggested by Mr. H. A. Cole who was 
watching the excavations at the time) to the presence of a camp fire at 
that spot, round which fire the occupiers sat and made their weapons and 
tools of flint. This idea was confirmed by the fact of several flakes 
haying been manifestly struck off from the same block of flint. After a 
hasty examination of the flakes from this position, Mr. Worthington 
Smith speedily replaced one flake on to a second somewhat larger one 
from which it had been originally struck: when replaced, a flat basal end 
belonging to the core was indicated by the truncated ends of the two 
flakes. 
Among the flakes was a rude but cleverly chipped flint chisel or 
celt (No. 20), not polished in any part, but exhibiting traces of the 
original ‘crust’ or ‘bark’ of the flint in one or two positions. This 
instrument is of somewhat remarkable form, one side edge being acute, 
and the other flat, and some doubt exists as to whether it was really 
intentionally chipped into its present shape, or whether it is simply un- 
finished on one side. Mr. Smith remarks, ‘If this instrument is really 
a chisel meant to be held unmounted in the hand, and the broad end 
‘designed for use, the obtuse end makes it convenient for handling, as the . 
thumb of the right hand naturally rests on that edge.’ 
No other implements were found in the excavations, and this is not 
remarkable, as unless they were found in the bottom of the ditch they 
were hardly likely to be found in the rampart ; they could only get there 
by accident during its erection. 
The number, position, and unweathered condition of the flakes seems 
to indicate that they were struck off at the time the camp was made, and 
that the makers of the structure used-flint tools, but we put forward this 
‘suggestion with diffidence, as great caution is necessary in making deduc- 
tions from the evidence at present in our possession, and we beg leave to 
refer to General Pitt-Rivers’ separate opinion on this point given here- 
with. 
Flakes, of course, are the waste splinters of flint struck off in the manu- 
facture of tools, and were esteemed only as rubbish by the tool-makers. 
‘The question now is—Where are the finished tools which were produced 
by the flaking P Judging from what we know of other camps, and from 
