REPORT OF THE ANTHROPOMETRIC COMMITTEE. 287 
Growth of Children of both Sees. 
_ 56. Tables XVI. to XXII. show the growth of children of four of the: 
five classes into which the returns have been divided. Class I. comprises 
the upper and professional classes and their children, and it may be 
accepted as representing the best physique of this country, and used as a 
standard with which to compare all other classes. According to the 
census of 1871 this class constitutes 4:46 per cent. of the population. 
Class II. consists of the commercial classes, such as clerks and shop- 
keepers and their children, whose occupations are carried on in towns, 
and for the most part indoors, and therefore under less favourable con- 
ditions to healthy development than the constituents of ClassI. Class II. 
comprises 10°36 per cent. of the population. Class III. represents the 
labouring classes, such as agricultural labourers, fishermen, miners, and 
others who follow outdoor healthy occupations, but whose nurture is 
inferior to the two former classes. This class comprises 47’46 per cent. 
or nearly half the population of the country. Class IV. represents the 
mass of our town population engaged as artisans. Their trades, being 
carried on indoors, and requiring less physical exercise than Class III.,. 
place them under less favourable conditions as to sanitary surroundings. 
This class forms 26°82 per cent., or about a fourth of the population, 
Class V., comprising persons living in towns and following sedentary 
occupations under the most unfavourable conditions as to nurture and 
sanitary surroundings, has been omitted from the tables, as sufficient data 
have not been received to fairly represent it. This class constitutes 10-90 
per cent. of the population. 
57. The average stature and weight of each of the four classes have 
been worked out from the number of observations for each class, but ag 
the several classes constitute different proportions of the general popula- 
tion the average representing the ‘general population’ has not been 
worked out from the total number of observations, but is the average of 
skeletons in the Museum of the Royal College of Surgeons, with the following 
results :— 
Average Average 
eircum- ec1ircum- 
ference ference 
of of Ratio of 
Stature. Pelvis. Head. Pelvis 
Metres. mm. m.m. to Head. 
1 European female . : 1:592 430 500 1 to 1:16 
6 European males 4 : 1-712 410 530 1-1:29 
Female pelvis . ‘ : 430 Male head 530 11423 
10 Andamanese females 3 1:408 348 462 1-1°33 
7 Andamanese males . z 1-492 337 477 1-1°42 
Female pelvis 8 “ 348 Male head 477 1-1:37 
Only one European female skeleton was available for these measurements, but it 
appeared to be in every respect a normal one. 
. From these measurements it is obvious that the difference between the circum- 
ference of the head and the pelvis in the adult is much less in the large European 
than in the small Andaman race, and it is not improbable that the relatively small 
pelvis of the female Andamanese has been instrumental, in some measure, in differen- 
tiating that diminutive race. It is probably in this direction we must look for an 
explanation of the degenerating influences of town life and sedentary occupations, 
as they, together with the new movement for the higher education of women, favour _ 
the productions of large heads and imperfectly developed bodies of women in this . 
and other civilised countries, and a corresponding disproportion between the size of 
the head and the circumference of the pelvis. 
