346 REPORT — 1861. 



gions; and Pruner-Bay says " that the Turanian is, in physical respects, the 

 true cosmopolite." 



I have already stated that latitude is no test of climate ; so 1 would now 

 state, that as neither heat nor cold is the cause of the physical differences of 

 mankind, so neither is it mere heat or cold which affects man injuriously. 

 That the Chinese have a large range of temperature is true, but they have 

 not the great power of being acclimatized that many imagine. Fifty thou- 

 sand Chinese have gone to Australia, and the same number to California ; 

 and perhaps about twenty or thirty thousand to Cuba, and six thousand to 

 the Mauritius. This is a misfortune for both Australia and California; but 

 there is hope for Cuba, as the Chinese are said not to be able to work there. 

 Mr. Tylor says*, " Fortunately for them, they cannot bear the severe planta- 

 tion-work. Some die after a few days of such labour and exposure, many 

 more kill themselves; and the utter indifference with which they commit 

 suicide, as soon as life seems not worth having, contributes to moderate 

 the exactions of their masters. A friend of ours in Cuba had a Chinese 

 servant who was impertinent one day, and his master turned him out of the 

 room, dismissing him with a kick. The other servants woke their master 

 early next morning with the intelligence that the Chinese had killed himself 

 in the night to expiate the insult he had received." 



We are at present quite unable to say whether the Chinese will ever be- 

 come acclimatized in California or Australia. It is to be hoped, however, 

 that they will not be able. The Chinese have taken no women with them to 

 either place ; but in Australia some of them are living with native women, 

 and this may be the means of producing a hybrid race of Chinese-Aus- 

 tralians. Whether this may stay the current of extinction which seems 

 settling on the Australians, or whether it may aid in their destruction, are 

 questions beyond the limits of this paper. Of the Indian immigrants to the 

 Mauritius, we learn that the deaths exceeded the births by three hundred 

 and eleven, but we are not told of the percentage of women. 



The mortality generally of the colony was — 



In 1854 7 percent. 



1855 3-5 „ 



1856 5-0 „ 



1857 2-5 „ 



1858 2-7 „ 



In Trinidad, the total Indian population was, in 1859, thirteen thousand 

 four hundred and forty-seven, and the deaths 2*7 per cent. ; but amongst 

 the arrivals from Madras, the mortality was 7*7 per cent. 

 In 1859, the mortality of the Calcutta coolies was 2 per cent. 

 Of the Malays all we know is, that the Dutch took some to the Cape, 

 and the race still remains there, but whether pure or mixed we know very 

 little; we also are not informed if their numbers are increasing or decreas- 

 ing. Of the Red Indians we only know that, on being removed from their 

 native soil, they soon perish : it is uncertain how much of this must be 

 ascribed to the climate, or how much to the inability of the race to alter their 

 manners and customs. 



The royp,! family of the Sandwich Islands who visited England in 1827 

 all died, as did most of their attendants, of tubercular disease, after only three 



months' visit. 



So the Andaman Islander taken to Calcutta by Dr. Mouat was soon 

 affected by the climate, and obliged to be returned to his native land to save 

 his life. 



* Loc. cit. p. 13. 



I 



