ON ETHNO-CLIMATOLOGY. 149 



that ©f England suits a Jew. We have, however, evidence to show that the 

 climate of Palestine does not suit a Jew — a pretty good test that it is not his 

 native land. Many writers have noticed this; but I will only quote the im- 

 partial evidence of Eliot Warburton, who says*, "It is a curious but well- 

 ascertained fact that the Jews do not multiply at present in the native city 

 of their race ; few children attain to puberty, and the mortality altogether is 

 so great, that the constant reinforcements from Europe scarcely maintain the 

 average population." 



The great majority of the Jewish race is in Europe. The entire number of 

 Jews, according to M. Boudin, is computed to be four millions three hundred 

 thousand ; and of these there are in Europe three millions six hundred thou- 

 sand, in Africa four hundred and fifty thousand, in Asia two hundred thou- 

 sand, America forty-eight thousand, and in Australia two thousand. Thus, 

 more than three-fourths of the entire number of Jews are in Europe, and 

 only a fraction of ^ in Asia. Mr. Burke conceives it possible that even the 

 Negro might be improved in the long run by coming to Europe under 

 favourable circumstances, " though this," says Mr. Burke, " would not apply 

 to the lower and unprogressive portions of the type, but to its advancing 

 sections." Our researches have rather tended to show, however, that 

 although they may not degenerate like Europeans going to an inferior 

 centre, they still are incapable of becoming acclimatized anywhere iu 

 Europe, and we much doubt if even out of Africa. We are unable, in the 

 present state of our science, to do more than see that ethnic centres d& exist, 

 tvithout being able to define their exact limits or their number. 



In a former part of this paper I incidentally touched on the influence of 

 the mind in conquering physical agents. Maltebrun, Goethe, and Kant 

 have all given their testimony in favour of the power of the mind in resisting 

 disease. And this subject becomes important with reference to some statis- 

 tical facts respecting the difference in mortality between the officers and 

 men in India and elsewhere. Thus, with bowel-complaints in India, there 

 were in Bengal only three more deaths of European officers in a ratio of 

 ten thousand than in the same number of sepoys ; and in Madras eighteen 

 fewer deaths took place than in a similar number of sepoysf. Dr. Cameron 

 also affirms that the ravages of cholera did not affect the officers or other 

 Europeans in a like grade of life ; and he says that " the small mortality 

 amongst the officers of European regiments in Ceylon is very remarkable J." 

 Indeed, the whole medical records teem with instances of the influences 

 whicii the mind possesses in the production and removal of disease. It is 

 possible that much may be done to enable our troops to exist in India and else- 

 where by attention to the necessity that exists for mental as well as physical 

 exercise. Much might also be efl'ected were the differences of temperaments 

 more studied, and a judicious selection made of those fitted for hot, and those 

 for cold, climates. 



Two questions were asked Sir Ranald Martin, who is a great advocate for 

 hill-stations and for other reforms in the army; his answers§ are important. 



" 1st. But is there no such thing as acclimatization? 



" A. No, I believe not. 



" 2nd. Physically, you do not think that acclimatization exists ? 



" A. I think it does not." 



These answers express the result of my own inquiries into this subject. 



I have endeavoured to show from such facts as are at hand that man 



* The Crescent and the Cross, 1851, eighth edition, p. 334. 



t Ewart, p. 122. I A note in Sir E. Tennent's ' Ceylon,' p. 82. 



§ Minutes of Evidence, ' On the Reorganization of the Indian Army,' p. 172. 



