PSYCHICAL AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERS OF THE MINCOPIES. 247 



gines ; and merely resemble Negroes in a blackness, or rather sootiness, of 

 the tegumentary pigment, which might be due to constant exposure during 

 many generations of this nude and primitive race. Their prognathism is not 

 more than is found in most of the Southern Asiatic peoples, and indeed in 

 the lower orders of men in all countries, and may be due or relate to the 

 prolonged sucking of the plastic infant. The growth of the short, crisp hair 

 of the scalp, by small tufts, shows a resemblance of the Andamaners to certain 

 Papuans, as, e.g., those of New Caledonia. But the skull and dentition of the 

 Andaman male are as distinct from the Australian type as from that of the 

 West-coast Negro. There is no supranasal ridge due to a sunken origin of 

 the flattened nasal (is) bones ; neither the malar (26) nor zygomatic arches 

 show the strength and prominence that mark them in the Australian male ; 

 there is no excessive size of molar or other teeth. The styliform processes of 

 the alisphenoid are more produced ; the lambdoidal suture is more complex ; 

 the alisphenoids (e) are relatively broader. From the present opportunity of 

 studying the osteology and dentition of the Andamaner, the ethnologist derives 

 as little indication or ground of surmise of the origin of the race in question 

 from an Australasian as from an African continent ; and there is scarcely 

 better evidence of his Malayan or Mongolian ancestry. Upon the whole, the 

 skull offers the greatest amount of correspondence with those of such of the 

 dwarfish, dark, and presumed aboriginal inhabitants of the Philippines, Java, 

 Borneo, and Ceylon, which I have had the ojjportunity of examining. I cite 

 the descriptions of two of these crania from my Catalogue of the Osteolo- 

 gical Series in the Museum of the Royal College of Surgeons. In that of 

 an aboriginal native of Luzon (No. 5.531), " the cranium is short, moderately 

 broad, rather low, with a narrow and receding forehead. The glabella is 

 prominent through the development of the frontal sinuses ; the nasals are 

 moderately prominent, as are likewise the malars and upper jaw. The chin 

 is well developed. The entire skull is rather small. The chief individual 

 peculiarity is seen in the development of the right paroccipital, which is 

 longer than the mastoid, and presents an articular surface for joining its 

 homotype, the diapophysis of the atlas. The left paroccipital tubercle is 

 also well marked. The deviation from the Human type here presented, if 

 compared with the skull of an inferior mammal, e. g. the Bear, or the Dog, 

 will be perceived to be a return to a more general type, which is manifested by 

 the more constant development, in the Mammalian series, of the paroccipitals 

 or transverse processes of the occipital vertebra." (Vol. ii. p. 861.) In the cra- 

 nium of a Veddah, or aboriginal of Ceylon (No. 5539), "the cranial cavity is of 

 small size, with the forehead narrow and receding : the glabella is moderately 

 prominent through the development of the frontal sinuses. The sutures are 

 well marked ; that of the lambdoid is particularly complex, and sinks below 

 the level of the contiguous bones at its lower angles*. The supramastoid 

 ridge is well marked; the mastoids are moderately developed: the paroccipitals 

 are rudimentary. The zygomatic processes of the temporals are very slender ; 

 those of the malars have the lower border convex, descending below them. 

 The styliform processes of the alisphenoid are low, or short, subquadrate, but 

 unusually extended backwards and outvi-ards, overlapping the inner angle of the 

 vaginal processes. A trace of the maxillo-premaxillary suture remains on 

 the palate : the maxilla is slightly prognathic : the molar teeth are small. 

 This cranium has probably belonged to a female : it agrees in the chief cha- 

 racters with the skull from the Philippines (No. 5531)." (lb. p. 863.) 

 I am not cognizant of any anatomical grounds for deriving the Andaman 



* Mr. C. C. Blake has noticed this character iu other VeJdah skulls. See ' Medical Times,' 

 May 17, 1862. 



