ON THE RAINFALL IN THE BRITISH ISLES. 295 
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‘Division XX. 
South-western Counties.—Wilts, Dorset, Devon, Corn- 
wall, Somerset. 
West Midland Counties,—Gloucester, Hereford, Shrop- 
shire, Stafford, Worcester, Warwick. 
. North Midland Counties.—Leicester, Rutland, Lincoln, 
Notts, Derby. 
. North-western Counties.—Cheshire, Lancashire. 
. Yorkshire.—Yorkshire. 
. Northern Counties.—Durham, Northumberland, Cum- 
berland, Westmoreland. 
. Monmouthshire, Wales, and the Isles.—Monmouth, Gla- 
morgan, Pembroke, Cardigan, Anglesey, Carnarvon, 
Flint, Guernsey, Scilly, Man. 
ScorLanp. 
Southern Counties.—Wigtown, Kirkcudbright, Dumfries. 
South-eastern Counties.—Selkirk, Peebles, Berwick, 
Haddington, Edinburgh. 
South-western Counties.—Lanark, Ayr, Renfrew. 
West Midland Counties.—Stirling, Bute, Argyll. 
East Midland Counties.—-Kinross, Fife, Perth, Forfar. 
. North-eastern Counties.—Kincardine, Aberdeen, Elgin. 
. North-western Counties.—Ross, Inverness. 
. Northern Counties.—Sutherland, Orkney, Shetland. 
IRELAND, 
Treland.—All the Counties whence returns have been 
received. i 
The fall at a few of the stations has been laid down on the accompanying 
Map, with the double object of illustrating the relative fall in different parts 
of the British Isles, and the relation, in each locality, between the fall in 1860 
and 1861. This has been done in the following manner :—Darkly shaded 
dises uniformly represent the fall in 1861; lightly shaded, that in 1860. 
The radii of the circles are half the scale given on the Map; the diameters 
therefore increase as the fall; and hence the increased diameter of the circles 
immediately points out the places of heaviest fall. The relative frequency 
_ and extent to which either the darkly or lightly shaded circles extend beyond 
the others shows which year had the heavier fall; and the breadth of the 
_ annulus shows by how much it exceeded the other. 
_ Inselecting the stations for insertion in the Map, preference was given to 
those less than 200 feet above mean sea-level, and at which the gauge was 
_ within a few feet of the surface of the ground. It was not found consistent 
with good geographical distribution to adhere rigidly to these requirements 
the general Tables. 
The fact, however, that the mean height of the selected 
gauges above the ground is, in England, 1 ft. 4 in.; in Scotland, 1 ft. 11 in. ; 
i in every case, but the exact height may be readily ascertained by reference to 
~ and in Ireland (omitting Cork), 7 ft. 7 in.; and above the sea, 131,177, and 
ment of these conditions. The paucity of stations in Ireland necessitated the 
{ 108 ft. respectively, shows that a near approach has been made to the fulfil- 
- 
+ 
use of rather elevated gauges; in the case of Cork, the Map shows the fall 
_ at the ground computed from the fall observed 50 ft. above it, as otherwise 
it would not have been comparable. 
It is remarkable, and perhaps suggestive, that in 1860 the excess in 
- South Britain was counterbalanced by a deficiency in Scotland; and that in 
