TRANSACTIONS OF THE SECTIONS. po an 
the superior greenish-grey rocks. A section from this place northwards to Sunder- 
land, where the Carboniferous deposits of West Cumberland make their appear- 
ance, shows two well-marked anticlinals ; and in several localities in this section 
fossils occur. These consist of Graptolites and a branching Bryozoon ; of the former, 
the genera appertain to Graptolites, Diplograpsus, Didymograpsus, Dichograpsus, 
and Tetragrapsus. A new form of phyllopod Crustacean is also found in several 
localities in the course of this section, The fossils of the Skiddaw slates are met 
with only in the flaggy beds; but whenever rocks of this nature occur, they afford 
fossils. 
A section from Matterdale, on the N. side of Ullswater, across the Skiddaw slates 
to the Carboniferous strata lying N. of Caldbeck-fells, also affords fossils. That 
section does not, however, exhibit the same arrangement of the strata. The incli- 
nations in this part of the Skiddaw slate of Cumberland are for the most part 
S.S.E., and no well-developed axis occurs in this section. This portion of the 
Skiddaw-slate area is intersected in the valley of the Caldew by granite—the Skid- 
daw Forest granite of Professor Sedgwick. - The results of the author’s observations 
on this granite of the valley of the Caldew induce him to infer that it is an extension 
W.S.W. of the syenite forming the northern half on Carrock-fell. 
Three small areas of Skiddaw slate are found on the eastern margin of the Lake 
district. One of these is on the 8.K. side of Ullswater, and is intersected by a 
stream called Eggbeck. The other occurs near Rossgill; and the third at Thorn- 
shipgill, a short distance west of Shap. In the two latter slate-pencil quarries 
were formerly worked. In these three areas the author has also met with fossils 
similar to some of those which have heen obtained in the area west of Derwent- 
water and Bassenthwaite Lakes. 
Another area occupied by Sliddaw slate is Blackcomb, in the 8.W. of Cumber- 
land, In this hill the inclinations are N.N.W.; and along the Whicham valley, on 
the south flank of Blackcomb, a great fault, previously alluded to by Professor 
Sedewick, occurs. -The Skiddaw slates of Blackcomb also yield fossils. 
“With reference to the position of the Skiddaw slates, the author is induced to 
infer that they appertain to the Lower Llandeilo; and this conclusion is still fur- 
ther corroborated by Mr. Salter, who, from an examination of the fossils, is led to 
infer the Lower Llandeilo age of the Skiddaw slate series. 
Notice of an Ancient Sea-bed and Beach near Fort William, Inverness-shire, 
ey! By J. Gwyn Jerrreys, 7.BS., PGS. 
After making some remarks on the subject of raised beaches and their number in 
this country, as well as with respect to the Arctic nature of the shells which had 
been found m the Clyde beds, as-well as in Yorkshire, Staffordshire, Norfolk, and 
‘other counties; Mr. Jeflveys described some deposits to which his attention had been 
drawn by Captain Bedford, R.N., and which consisted of an ancient sea-bed and 
‘beach lying in juxtaposition to each other. - The bed is lowermost, and contains 
‘species which usually inhabit-a moderate depth of water: the beach appears to 
have been formed after the bed was upheaved, because it contains littoral species 
and shells which must have been thrown up by the tide. The organic remains found 
in the bed and beach represent fifty-nineé species, including forty-eight of Mollusca, 
-The-analogy: between these deposits on the one hand, and the Coralline and Red 
Crag on the other, was pointed out; but their paleontological contents bein 
of a different kind, the Inverness-shire and Crag deposits were in all probability 
not contemporaneous. The now-described deposits underlie several other strata, 
which may belong to the Boulder-clay formation ; but this last is a doubtful point. 
Nearly all the species of Mollusca met with on the present occasion live in the adja- 
cent seas; but a few of them (e.g. Pecten Islandicus, Columbella Holbéllit, Littorina 
squalida, Mangehia pyramidalis, Margarita costulata, Natica clausa, and Trophon 
Gunneri) now exist only in more northern latitudes. Mr. Jeffreys, however, regards 
this assemblage of shells as Scandinavian, and not as Arctic. A Table of species 
was appended to the paper, showing the proportion which inhabits the Arctic, 
Scandinavian, and Scotch seas, as well as of those which occur in a fossil state in 
the Crag, Clyde beds, and Kelsey Hill (or Yorkshire) deposits. 
