162 REPORT—1862. 
- It was, however, obvious that if a foreign country would receive our overflow as 
readily and as regularly as a colony, England gained nothing, in this matter of 
emigration, by song! her dominion over the latter. And this had been the case 
for very many years. The United States had afforded greater facilities to emigrants 
than any or all our colonies, and had attracted them in greater numbers. But the 
present state of that republic seems to preclude all reasonable hope of the continu- 
ance of those facilities to anything like the same extent. Clearly not, if it sepa- 
rated into a number of distracted and indebted communities, with hostile feelings 
to each other; probably not, even if the union could be restored. He therefore 
argued the great importance of maintaining our political tie at the present moment 
with those colonies which absorb our emigrants—Canada and Australia; the latter 
beginning already to receive so large a number as to show a figure of some im- 
portance in our returns. And, without laying too much stress on numerical state- 
ments having reference to so short a period as the last two years, he thought there 
were already signs of a serious stoppage of emigration in general, and of a com- 
parative diversion of that which exists, from the States to the colonies, 
On the Training and Instruction of the Unemployed in the Manufacturing 
Districts during the present Crisis. By the Rey. W. N. Moreswortu, M.A, 
The author of this paper stated that he read it rather with a view of obtaining 
suggestions than of imparting information, He then proceeded to give a briet 
account of the operations of the Rochdale committee for the instruction of the un- 
employed. The object of that committee was to educate the unemployed adults 
during a portion of the hours in which, under ordinary circumstances, they would 
be at work, The teachers were persons who had volunteered their services from 
among the unemployed themselyes*, the teaching being in fact very similar to that 
of the Sunday schools; the branches of education taught in the schools were read- 
ing, writing, arithmetic, and elementary geography. In addition to this, some 
gentlemen in the town had given readings or lectures on various subjects; and on 
these occasions the scholars were encouraged to ask questions, and to enter into a 
conyersational discussion of the topics treated by the lecturer. Of course the in- 
struction given in these schools was very imperfect; still it was appreciated by 
the men, who were evidently very grateful for the efforts made for their improye- 
ment, and anxious to profit by them. The committee had only just commenced 
their operations, and were much cramped by the want of fundst. They were 
gradually feeling their way towards something higher and better, and he was sure 
that they would be very thankful for any suggestions that might be contributed 
by the eminent educationists present in the Section, in the course of the dis- 
cussion which would follow the reading of the paper, 
Local Tawation and Real Property. By Frevericx Purvy, F.S8.8., Principal 
of the Statistical Department, Poor Law Board, London. 
In the schemes recently brought before the public for the partial or complete 
revision of British taxation, none, so far as I am aware, has recognized the claims 
to consideration which the large and constantly increasing revenue raised under 
the designation of “local taxation ”’ possesses. 
The question of our local imposts ought not, in any discussion of the equitable 
re-adjustment of the taxation of the kingdom, to be ignored. Obviously the money 
expended for the relief of the poor, for the formation and the repair of the public 
highways, for the prevention or for the punishment of crime, for the sewerage and 
sanitary regulations of towns, and for the other various objects of public utility, 
for which local taxes are raised, is as necessary to the maintenance of the country in 
its political, social, and economical integrity as the imperial expenditure for the 
Army, the Navy, or the Civil Service. 
The information collected under the powers of the Local Taxation Returns Act 
* Paid masters have since been engaged, the teachers remaining as monitors under 
them, with a payment of 1s. each. 
+ This would haye been amply supplied by means of the Australian grants, 
