TRANSACTIONS OF THE SECTIONS. 169 
Unions. Difference per cent. in number of Deaths. 
March Quarter, June Quarter, 
SOIC Ve cashes cketete +223 +11:2 
Manchester (including 
Prestwich) ....... +26:8 +. 0-7 
Haslingden........ +116 — 18 
HUOGN CALS; «) «415.0 ofa _< — 48 — 67 
If we compare the number of deaths in Manchester in the March quarter of 1862 
with those of the corresponding quarter of 1861, we find the enormous increase of 
539, or 80-4 per cent. ; but in the subsequent quarter, upon instituting a similar 
comparison, though an increase still appears, it is far below that of the previous 
three months. Inthe June quarter the increase was 112, or 7:2 per cent. 
Again, ranging the unions according to the rate of increase in the Midsummer 
six months, compared with the mean of the corresponding half-years of 1859-60 
and 1861, we have the subsequent list :— 
Increase per cent, Difference per cent. in 
Unions, &ec. of Paupers. the number of Deaths. 
Manchester and Prestwich...... 4-3 + 14-4 
PEMTITSTT LE aos shat atavartns tate talsy ition siege 26 + 53 
HSOGHORIEN <7... cctejtse chestitas: aaanohorie 2°5 — 57 
EVASNMOCEN- <1ohes ceisin «oon, Sioyspeneaae 13 + 53 
AxsstTracT oF TaBiE III. (Section C.) 
10. In the four unions of Table III. the ratio of pauperism in the last week of 
December 1860 was 2:0 per cent.; in the corresponding week of 1861 it was 3-7 
per cent. At the end of the three subsequent months it had attained to 6:8 per 
cent.; by Midsummer 1862 it was 8-6 per cent. The pauperism had risen 4-9 per 
cent. in the half-year. This is by far the most pauperized section of the district. 
As regards mortality, the Preston union, the most pauperized of this section, ap- 
ears to have suffered little ; the same observation is applicable to the Ashton-under- 
yne union. The Stockport union, the least pauperized, has, however, suffered the 
greatest mortality. 
a Difference per cent. in number of Deaths. 
Unions. March Quarter. June Quarter. 
ISAC GEN. «ct cok craers tent nst +21'8 + 58 
MSEC LOR ye rvcs savers eicgak oe ma op +10:2 + 2:3 
‘SUDEP OY ep Bemee ate ots +13:0 29-1. 
Ashton-under-Lyne ........ + 4:4 + 36 
Re-arranging these unions in the order of their rate of rise in pauperism between 
the close of 1861] and the end of June last, and noting down the comparative death- 
rate of the Midsummer half-year 1862, they stand in the following order :— 
Increase per cent. Difference per cent. in, 
Unions. of Paupers. the number of Deaths, 
IERORLOnT =< 2% s¥ead ss acetarstdiang @PaOTS 8-0 + 6-4 
HS Hge WET ie! «2s b's Wg 'e whereas 73 +14-4 
Ashton-under-Lyne..... Shigd'o br 58 + 40 
FLOCK ORG y cleiatelne' e's) «/elelotehchetetate 5-1 +172 
11. Liverpool has not been classed with the other places in the foregoing tables 
because, however much that port may have suffered in consequence of the so-called 
“cotton famine,” it evidently stands in a very different category from the manufac- 
turing unions of Lancashire. It has suffered some increase in pauperism, though, 
in comparison with the other parts of the district, the augmentation may be called 
very moderate. The contiguous union of West Derby and the large parish of 
Toxteth Park are so intimately connected with Liverpool, that it is undesirable, in 
discussing the mortality and pauperism, to regard the latter town separately, 
though neither of its suburbs appears to have been much affected by the present 
distress. It is remarkable that while Liverpool exhibits an increase of pauperism 
fivefold that of the West Derby union (including Toxteth Park), the increase of 
