CHAP. XVIll.] 



BIRDS. 



2{\7 



The Pliyllornitliicia?, or " Green Bulbuls," are a small group of 

 fiuit-eating birds, strictly confined to the Oriental region, and 

 ranging over the whole of it, with the one exception of the Philip- 

 pine I slands. The genera are : — 



(^1022-) pjiyllornis (12 sp.), India to Java, Ceylon, and Hainan ; 

 ^1166^ Jq^,^ (^4 gp^^ i^\^Q whole Oriental region ; (}'^^^) Erpornis (2 

 sp.), Himalayas, Hainan, and Formosa. 



Family 13.— PYCNONOTID^. (9 Genera, 139 Species.) 



The Pycnonotidse, Bulbuls, or fruit-thrushes, are highly charac- 

 teristic of the Oriental region, in every part of which they abound ; 

 less plentiful in the Ethiopian region, and extending to Palestine 

 and Japan in the Palaiarctic, and to the Moluccas in the Aus- 

 tralian region, but absent from the intervening island of Celebes. 

 The genera are : — 



Microscdis (G sp.), Burmah, the Indo-Malay Islands, and 

 Japan ; Pycnonotus (52 sp., in many sub-genera), Palestine to 

 South Africa, the whole Oriental region, China and Japan ; 

 Alcurus (1 sp.), Himalayas ; Hcmixus (2 sp.), Nepal, Bootan, 

 Hainan ; Ph^jllastrcphus (4 sp.), West and South Africa ; Hypsi- 

 petes (20 sp.), the whole Oriental region, Madagascar and the 

 Mascarene Islands ; Tylas (1 sp.), Madagascar ; Grinigcr (30 sp.), 

 the whole Oriental region (excluding Philippines), West and 

 South Africa, Moluccas ; Ixonotus (7 sp.). West Africa ; Q^'^'" ^°^'') 

 Sdornis (3 sp.), Malacca, Sumatra, and Borneo ; lole (4 sp.), 

 Aracan and Malaya; A7idro2K(dus (9 sp.). Tropical Africa; (^^^^) 

 Lioptilus (1 sp.). South Africa. 



