62 



REPORT 1864. 



clays from many localities, extending from near Jolin O'Groats to beyond Wick, 

 and all the samples tried have yielded more or fewer Foraminifera, Entomostraca, 

 i&c, from whatever part of the deposits the clay has been taken. 



In my last paper I stated that in no case had I found two valves of a shell united 

 in the clay. I have since got an Anomia vrith both valves in place, and in a beau- 

 tiful state of preservation. It occurred in Boulder-clay containing the usual rubbed 

 stones and broken shells. Mr. Anderson has a piece of shell, on which is a cluster 

 of young Balani in excellent preservation. Such instances are so rare that I think 

 them worthy of notice. 



I may mention that, when dredging this summer with Mr. Jeffi-eys off Shetland, 

 I was much struck -with the fossil shells brought up at almost every haul, all so 

 much like, in fact identical with, those found in the Boulder-clay of Caithness ; 

 and although some were broken, for instance, Cyprina islandica, the only difference 

 that I could perceive in their appearance and preservation was that the dredged 

 shells generally were more perfect than those in the clay. The fi'agmentary state 

 of the claj' shells, I believe, was caused by the rough treatment they had expe- 

 rienced in being removed fi'om the original deposit in which many of them had 

 been imbedded, and which was subsequently broken up before being removed to 

 and lodged in the formation that now overlies the Caithness flags. 



I tliiuk it right to mention that Mr. J. Cleghorn of Wick, and Mr. Dick of Thurso, 

 were the first local geologists who found and made public the fact that this fonna- 

 tion was fossiliferous— a fact previouslv doubted. I am again indebted to Mr. J. 

 G-wyn Jefii-eys for his kindness in naming the Mollusca and Cirripedia. For the 

 rest I am answerable. 



The following list contains 41 additions, which with the 42 in the first list gives 

 a total of 83 species of shells, &c., from the Boulder-clay of Caithness as ascertained 

 up to the present time : — 



Univalves. 



Fusus antiquus. 



Buecinum uudatum, var. depurator. 



Bela p;sTamidalis*. 



ginnaniana (nebula)*. 



Natica pallida (groenlandica). 



aflfinis (clausa). 



Cerithiopsis costulata. 

 Turritella (communis) ungulina. 

 Lacuna divaricata (vincta). 

 Litorina litorea. 



Bivalves. 



Ostrea edulis. 



Anomia ephippium, var. squamula. 



Pecten islandicusf. 



M}i;ilus edulis. 



modiolus. 



Crenella decussata. 

 Nucula nucleus. 

 Leda pernula. 

 Cardium fasciatum. 

 Lucina borealis. 



spinifera. 



Astarte sulcata, var. scotica. 

 Venus lincta. 

 Donax vittatus. 

 Saxicava rugosa. 

 Mya truncata. 



Brachiopoda. 

 Hhynchonella psittacea. 



Entomostraca. 

 Some valves of Cythere ? 



Cirripedia. 

 Balanus crenatus. 

 Verruca stromia. 



Annelida. 

 Sipimculus, case of, in the shell of a 

 Dentalium. 



Polyzoa. 

 Lepralia unicornis. 

 Tubulipora hispida ? — yery muct 

 rubbed. 



Echinodermata. 

 Ophiocoma rosula, spines of. 

 Echinus neglectus, spine of, with 

 othei's of at least two more species. 

 Spatangi, many spines of. 



Fora7ninifera. 



Cristellaria calcar. 

 Polystomella crispa. 



umbilicatula. 



Eotalia Beccarii. 

 MUiolina seminulum. 



* Fovmd by Mr. Anderson. 



t Found by Mr. J. Miller Sutherland. 



