ON FOODS OF FREE AND JAIL POPULATIONS OF INDIA. 195 
or three times a week. They use about 1 of a seer of vegetables three or four 
times a month, and parched corn, to the extent of + seer, is eaten every third 
or fourth day. The above are the standard quantities; but less is taken by 
the coolies, who are very poor and seldom able-bodied. 
68. Dr. C. Lowprtt, Gonda, states that the customary food is fish (abun- 
dant all the year), goat’s flesh, mutton, and other meats, with vegetables. 
Dal and rice are the staple food; fish and flesh are cooked in one mess with 
the vegetables, dal, condiments, and ghee or oil. The cost of foods is given. 
The jail dietary varies with labour, and somewhat with the day. The attah 
is composed of half wheat and half barley. The prisoners have been healthy. 
(Diet No. 21, nearly.) 
69. E. C. Benstey, Esq., Baraitch, experienced difficulty in obtaining the 
information. He does not give a daily dietary. The jail dietary varies 
with sex and labour, and somewhat with the day. (Diet No. 22.) 
70. Dr. J. Exx1s, Oonao, states that the food is almost entirely vegetable, 
and is derived from the Graminez and Leguminose. Wheat, barley, rice, 
maize, peas, and vetches enter into it. About 14 to 131b. of wheaten bread 
is used, and this is the staple food. The jail diet varies with sex and labour, 
and somewhat with the day. (Diet No. 22.) 
71. Dr. F. Carrer, Lukhimpore, gives a list of the various grains, vegetables, 
and fruits in use. Wheat is most used by the better, and barley and Indian 
corn by the poorer classes. Of fresh vegetables, potatoes and yams are most 
abundant. Diarrhcea, dysentery, goitre, enlarged spleen, dropsy, and fever 
prevail. The diet varies with sex, labour, and day of the week, and is well 
suited to the prisoners. (Diet No. 22.) 
72. A. W. Barrtre, Esq., Seetapore, states that the agricultural labourers 
constitute the mass of the people, who are Hindoos, and receive their pay 
chiefly in kind. Grain is almost the whole food of the lower classes ; green 
vegetables are little used by the lower classes, though they grow freely, and 
meat is not eaten. They are tall, vigorous, and frequently powerful men. 
Their diseases are not those of nutrition. The jail dietary varies with age, 
labour, and day of the week, and maintains health. (Diet No. 22.) 
73. Dr. H. M. Caxnon, Inspector of Prisons, Oude, offers observations upon 
the diet and diseases of prisoners, and considers that the Punjab prison dietary 
is as complete and wholesome a scale as can well be followed. It contains 
3°7 of carboniferous to 1 of nitrogenous food. (Diet No. 22.) 
74. Dr. W. Constant, Sultanpore, gives a short description of the district, 
and then states that the diet is essentially a vegetable one. Wheat is abundant 
and fine, and is the staple food ; rice is very little eaten; various other grains 
are made into bread. Ali dals, if eaten in excess and with their skins, cause 
diarrhea, &c. Vegetables and fruit abound. All Mussulmen eat the meat 
of the cow, buffalo, camel, goat, sheep, hare, wild-fowl, game, and fish. All 
Hindoos, except Brahmins and Bhagats, eat the flesh of sheep and goats when 
they can get it, and are fond of fish and fowl. Stigar-cane is chewed, and 
fattens ; spirits are drunk largely, and intoxicating drugs are eaten by low- 
caste Hindoos. The Talookdars usually eat meat, thin chapattee, and the 
finest dal, and take two meals daily. . The landholders and tradespeople 
live chiefly on vegetable food, and eat at two meals much more than that 
eaten by a European; but they do not drink generally, and their health is 
good, ‘The agricultural labourers and the very poor live on inferior grains, 
pulse, and vegetables, and eat flesh when they can get it; they are very 
insufficiently fed and sheltered. Such eat but once a day, and that at noon ; 
and their health is not good. He cannot give a daily dietary. The jail diet 
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