746 REPORT—1868. 
ironstone, it will be seen, varies somewhat in different localities. This is not 
to be wondered at, for in fact the seam itself in the same section is by no 
means uniform in its composition. A moment’s inspection of the furnaces 
working the ironstone of the district enables a practised eye to perceive a 
very marked difference in the general character of the slag compared with 
that usually seen at ironworks. Although it flows hot and fluid, it is ex- 
tremely stony in its fracture, with scarcely a vestige of a vitreous nature. 
A very short comparison of the relationship which the earths bear to each 
other in ores of other parts of the country with those under examination will 
explain this. The following may be instanced :— 
Low Moor Parkgate. Butterley. _ Brierly. Stanton. Cleveland. 
Dilieiisesccnevacss GOn) bisers ZS CA ae Bb ae GON ven-ene 50. warts gw 
Limes, .veasaeeas Opvaost iT Queso aw BE, dole Oy adeses 130 nee 27 
Magnesia ...... Sieeeaete TOieyaanct= Ol» sesaae [ae ee ty A 14 
Alumina ...... PS pelea OH) Waaere es Di teases ZA ivesss | 20 ekoses 25 
100 100 100 100 100 100 
The following analyses show the composition of slags produced at different 
works :— 
Slag from Wales. Wales. Staffordshire. 8. Yorks. 
Cyfarthfa. Dowlais. Dudley. Low Moor. 
LGM scsseec vane ; Ae ve adeitaie Bev vcqesdeas 43°5 
Alumina . E20) Wives Yass.) LAA Sia todo eaae IIo 
BAM ase cece se acess AG a) adapts om BEGB Sescasasaee 33°6 
Magnesia 4°5 ASO itkve sis G84." oaoasnate 3°6 
Protoxideof iron 3°6  ..-...06 1 OS TAD 0 edecesers 81 
Sulphur ......... DAY sedcaaned Se anteeeres “HOO ivessunets 8 
IPOUASI sks sc.scees Ft hoes sees aw Naaviaste TNT “Peecekwoes _ 
98°7 98°6 99°26 100°6 
Authorities... .0ces.ccesees0e Berthier. —-Dr. Percy. 
Those from Cyfarthfa and Low Moor were analyzed under the writer’s eye. 
In the case of Low Moor the iron was chiefly metallic. 
On comparing the composition of the slags from the Welsh, Staffordshire, 
and South Yorkshire works, just given, with those from the furnaces in Cleve- 
land, the great dissimilarity in constitution will at once be perceived, and a 
little further examination will show that, with the composition of our ores, no 
mere addition of lime can ever imitate the vitreous slags of those localities 
just mentioned. 
The following analyses illustrate this :— 
Slag from Clarence, previous 
Clarence. Clarence. one repeated. Clarence. Ormsby. 
Prliceisncsn eset oie BOAO" sises 27 BOs Moats 27°68 secs. 27°65) cee 29'92 
Alumina ......... ZOWE” “sorte Eee estes ZU QR. Nwarts ZASGON © wexaee 21°70 
WimM6 jseessescesss ss BOSS" se.c0e 4O'FAS  seceee ROvIZ Waders 40°00 saseee 38°72 
Magnesia ......... 425” cesese GPO coe Mee heerrcice 3°55. eetese 6710 
Protoxide of iron BiGAn cesses ‘Ole oitesx BOE seers by PMc "32 
Do. manganese... TOs caw trace ...... DO usees “35 Seagee *80 
Sulphur........s-0 34% (asa sae 2OO'! Janes 2°O0** staves ¥°9§ Wives 1°61 
Potash” s.....ccccss "SO etsst. Oh scene ater RS "40" Sested — 
Soda .....sscesecses — sieees maa Soeeea — saaee 5 "99 seat _— 
Phosphorus ...... Sau sets trace . =| seeeue "2.6 jcwasees "07 
98°75 100°35 100°35 100°62 99°24. 
Authority ... Clar. Lab. lar. Lab. lar. Lab. W. Crowder. lar. Lab. 
There is one circumstance connected with the composition of these slags 
which may have some interest in a chemical point of view, inasmuch as it 
may throw some light on a subject not yet very deeply examined, namely, 
