TRANSACTIONS OF THE SECTIONS. 75 
however, have been recorded by Sars as inhabiting the coast of Finmark, although 
they are also natives of the Mediterranean. According to Dr. Torell a living 
oyster has never been found in the seas of North Greenland or Spitzbergen. Dr. 
Malm says that Isocardia cor and Tapes decussata (usually regarded as southern 
forms) are fossil in lower deposits at Uddevalla, and that Mytilus edulis and Balanus 
porcatus occur there at a depth of from 70 to 93 feet below the present level of the 
sea. It is pretty clear that all the littoral beds which are now covered by deep- 
water shells must have sunk, and, after receiving fresh loads by the gradual accu- 
mulation of organic remains during successive generations, have been raised to the 
height which they at present occupy. It would be difficult to imagine any cir- 
cumstances under ovhieh Terebratella spitzbergensis could have found its way to the 
- shore. No Brachiopod has ever been known to be cast up by the tide or waves 
on a recent beach. This vast quarry has been worked from the time when Linné 
wrote, and in all probability ever since the land has been cultivated or used by 
civilized man, for making lime and repairing roads; and yet it is very far from 
being exhausted. A few years ago the Ewedeek Government was induced by the 
representations of Professor Lovén to prevent further devastation on the crown of 
the hill at Capellbacken, where Balani may still be seen im situ. Fossils of the 
same arctic character, but to some extent differing in species according to the nature 
of the deposit and other circumstances, occur throughout the south of Sweden. 
Dr. Malm has prepared an elaborate table, showing all the fossils discovered by him 
in no less than seventy-four localities. 
The collections which I examined for the purpose of making out the subjoined 
list were those of Sir Charles Lyell, Messrs. Thorburn, Dr. Malm, Mr. R. D. Darbi- 
shire, and the public museums at Uddevalla and Gottenburg; and I take this 
abe f of expressing my best thanks to the gentlemen above named for their 
liberal and friendly aid. Mr. R. Thorburn was my guide and kind host at Udde- 
valla. I need hardly say that I personally collected some fossils during my visit to 
this remarkable place. My list comprises 97 species: viz. Mollusca 83, Polyzoa 2, 
Cirripedia 4, Echinoderm 1, Annelida 3, Foraminifera 3, Sponge 1. I have no 
doubt that this number might be increased by further investigations. For facility 
of reference, and to please my geological friends, I have again arranged the species 
in alphabetical order, although I cannot help protesting against such an unscientific 
method of classification. 
MOLLUSCA. 
BracHIoPpoDA. 
Species. Synonyms. Remarks. 
1. Terebratella spitzber- Terebratula caput-serpentis, Enumerated b Lyell as 
gensis, Davidson. Misinger. “ Terebratula. 
CoNCHIFERA. 
2. Anomia ephippium, A. squamula, LZ. 
Linné,var. squamula. 
, var.acu- A. aculeata, Z. Fide Malm, 
leata. 
3. Astarte borealis. Venus borealis, Chemnitz. 
Crassina semisulcata, Leach. 
C. arctica, Gray. 
C. corrugata, Brown. 
4, —— compressa. Venus compressa, Montagu. Not V. compressa, L. 
; C. striata, His. 
5. crebricostata, C. depressa, Br. 
Forbes. 
6. —— sulcata, var. el- Venus compressa, L. 
liptica. V. sulcata, Da Costa. 
C. elliptica, Br. 
C. scotica, His. 
A. semisulcata, Lovén.. 
