102 REPORT— 1863. 
The distribution of the land shells strangely coincides with that of the native 
races, the Papuan and the Malayan. 
The Hawaian fauna is perhaps the most isolated in the world. The small 
islands still marked on the charts towards the American coast have no existence. 
But there is a chain of islands, running parallel with the axis of the Hawaian 
group, and connecting it with the northern part of Japan, which have been 
strangely neglected by the exploring expeditions. They have been principally 
examined by Capt. J. Paty, who was commissioned by the Hawaian government 
for that purpose. They are apparently in process of subsidence ; but their shell- 
fauna coincides with the Hawaian. 
On the Colour of the Salmon. By Joun Davy, M.D., PRS. 
The colour, the subject of this paper, is that of the muscles of the Salmon and its 
congeners when in their highest condition—the peculiar salmon-colour. The author 
premises that it is commonly attributed to an oil. This conclusion he is not able 
to adopt, there being several facts opposed to it:—Ist, that all the muscles are not 
similarly coloured, some even being colourless, as those of the eye, which are sur- 
rounded by and in the midst of a colourless adipose membrane; 2nd, that those 
muscles are not of highest colour, as the thin portion of the fish, which abound most 
in oil; 8rd, that the results of chemical examination tend to prove that the colour 
is not essential to the oil, but is seated in and belongs to the muscular portion, «. e. 
to those muscles which are most strongly coloured, such as constitute the thick part 
of the fish. The conclusion which, according to the author, seems most warranted by 
the facts, is that the colour depends on a peculiar colouring-matter of an organized 
kind, analogous to those colouring-matters which exist in plants, especially their 
leaves and flowers, and in the tegumentary parts of mammalia, birds, and fishes, 
such as the hair of the first, the feathers of the second, and the epidermis of the 
third. And in accordance, he thinks, it may be a secretion, partly depending on 
the food taken, such as is required to bring the fish into its highest condition. 
List of the British Pycnogonoidea, with Descriptions of several New Species. 
By GrorcEe Hopes. 
No complete list of the British Pyenogons has appeared, and such information as 
we possess is scanty and scattered. It is difficult to account for this neglect, as these 
animals possess considerable interest both in their life-history and their peculiarly 
eed: physiological features. 
An examination of such records as I have been able to consult has enabled me to 
compile a list of twenty-two species, the total number recorded as British, With 
two exceptions, that of a Phoxichilidium by Mr. Gosse and a Phoxichilidium and 
a Nymphon by myself, no new species haye been published since Harry Goodsir and 
Dr. Johnstone’s time: the former described seven species, principally from the 
Frith of Forth; it is possible, however, that two or three of fen might not stand 
a very critical examination. 
The list, as it now stands, contains 
13 species of Nymphon, 
AhaaS Pallene, 
ay a Phoxichilidium, 
i + Pasithoé, 
1 + Phoxichilus, 
1 fn Pycnogonum ; 
22 
in all twenty-two species, including the four which were recorded in my Report of 
the Pycnogons obtained last year during the dredging-expedition to the Dogger 
Bank under the auspices of this Association. 
I have now to increase this list by the addition of ten species, seven of which 
are new to science, and three new to Britain. 
The new species are contained in the following genera :— 
Ammothoa, a genus not before represented by any British form. 
Achelia, anew genus which I found it necessary to establish, 
Pallene and Phowxichilidium. 
