152 REPORT—1865. 
poe in the order shown in a Table exhibited. The streets on the estates 
nave been substantially made and well culverted, regard having been paid to the 
best and most approved sanitary arrangements. When an estate was purchased, 
the allotments were offered to the members in priority as they stood upon the 
books, it being optional with the members whether they had their allotments in 
that or a future purchase ; by this means the members generally have been enabled 
to obtain their allotment in such locality that they most approved. Members 
previous to the ballot were allowed to withdraw the amount they had subscribed, 
and sums amounting in the whole to £2681 14s. 6d. have been so withdrawn. 
When a member received his allotment, he was at liberty either to pay the balance 
at once or to give a mortgage to the trustees as security. About two-thirds of the 
members have given mortgages, the whole of which, with the exception of ten, 
have now been paid for by the ordinary contributions of one shilling and sixpence 
per share per week. The ten mortgages remaining are for 25 shares, and the amount 
remaining unpaid is about £100. The legal expenses were in each case of con- 
veyance, and mortgage 32s. 6d., exclusive of stamp, whether for one or six shares. 
In the above manner 1108 allotments on six estates have been made, and the 
future transactions of the Society reduced to £100. The principal cause which has 
brought the managers to a determination to wind up the affairs of the Society 
have arisen from the great depression in the principal trade of the town during the 
last few years. 
On the Sanitary Condition of the Troops in India. By Dr. Camps. 
He said that the object of the paper was to call attention to a few of the facts stated 
in the report recently laid before Parliament of the Commission appointed by Her 
Majesty in 1859 to inquire into the health of all ranks of the army in India. From 
the data collected in the paper, it appears that the mortality of men of the soldiers’ 
age in the healthy parts of England and Wales is such that eight die annually to 
1000 living. In India the mortality per thousand at the age of 20-25 is 56:4; at 
25-30 it is 48:8; and at 40-45 it is 61:6. The excess of mortality in India is 
nearly the same at all the seven quinquennial periods of age from 20 to 55, except 
at the first and fifth, when the recruits join and leave their corps in greatest num- 
bers. This poiuts to the influence of the term of service, and seems to justify the 
inference that the fatal causes in operation produce nearly the same fatal results 
in India at all the ages from 20 to 55 among men exposed to the same influences. 
From actuarial tables prepared by Dr. Farr, it seems that the expectation of life 
at the age of 20 is 17-7 years in India, and 39°5 years in England ; so, therefore, life 
is shortened by 21:8 years. On an average, in the stations of Bengal, 84 men ina 
battalion of 1000 were constantly in the hospital. Thus, out of 1000 men at a given 
station, 84 of their number are sick in the hospital, and 69 die annually. With 
this amount of sickness, an army of 70,000 British troops in India has, so to speak, 
a vast hospital of 5880 beds constantly full of sick, and loses yearly by death 4830 
men, or nearly five regiments. With respect to the loss and sickness in war, all 
the evidence goes to show that the diminution in the mortality of men before the 
mutiny was due to improvements in the sanitary arrangements. Fever, dysentery, 
diarrhcea, cholera, liver affections, and other diseases which prove specially fatal 
in India, were referred to in the paper, and numerous statistics furnished as to 
this effect. Comparative statements of the mortality among officers and civil 
servants in England and India were also given. The report, in its recapitulations, 
states that the inquiries of the Commission have shown—1. That by far the larger 
proportion of the mortality and inefficiency in the Indian army has arisen from 
endemic diseases, and notably from fevers, diarrhoea, dysentery, cholera, and from 
diseases of the liver. 2. That the predisposition to these diseases is in part attri- 
butable to malaria, in conjunction with extremes of temperature, moisture, and 
variability. 8. But that there are other causes of a very active kind in India, con- 
nected with stations, barracks, hospitals, and the habits of the men, of the same 
nature as those which are known in colder climates to occasion attacks of the yery 
diseases from which the Indian army suffers so severely. 
