TRANSACTIONS OF THE SECTIONS. 155 
’ All the students of the University of Durham are expected to attend the Church 
of England service, and subscription to the three articles of the thirty-sixth canon of 
the Church of England is expected previous to any degree in Arts being conferred. 
‘Dissenters are consequently virtually excluded from the University of Durham. 
An almost constant decline is observable in the numbers of the Durham Uni- 
versity students. In 1862-65 there were only 25 students in Arts and 23 students 
in Divinity ; total 46 students. 
The sums required from the University of Durham endowments, for the scholar- 
ships suggested by the Commissioners of 1861, would be £1600 a year, viz., £600 
a year to provide for twenty open scholarships of £30 a year each, tenable for two 
years, and £1000 a year for twenty open scholarships of £50 a year each, tenable 
for one year; some additional provision would also be needed to meet the case of 
the £50 scholarships being continued for a second year. 
Remarks on Native Colonial Schools and Hospitals, from the Sanitary Statistics 
of the Aborigines of British Colonies, collected by Miss Nigurrncate. Pre- 
sented to the Statistical Section by Jamus Heywoop, M.A., FBS. 
An inquiry has recently been conducted by Miss Nightingale into British colonial 
hospitals and schools. hat distinguished lady has been assisted by the Duke of 
Neweastle, Secretary of State for the Colonies, in her important investigations, and 
a still more extended inquiry is recommended by her into the condition of the 
ancient tribes who still remain in the British colonial possessions. 
Adult natives in many of the colonies are regarded as specially liable to the 
disease of consumption: diseases affecting the chest may be considered as a main 
cause of the gradual decline and disappearance of some of the civilized or semi- 
civilized races of aborigines. 
Many of the school-houses for native children are described in the colonial returns 
as of bad construction, and ill situated for health, and the ventilation is often very 
insufficient. The period of tuition varies considerably, from two up to ten or more 
ears. 
; Many returns have been received from hospitals for the native population in the 
colonies, and the statistics of mortality in these returns show a very high death- 
rate upon the number received into those institutions. Among the causes of such 
a mortality may be mentioned, defective stamina in the native population, delay in 
applying for medical relief, bad and insufficient accommodation, or defective medi- 
cal treatment, and inadequate management of the sick. 
Bad, over-crowded dwellings for the natives, deficient drainage, bad water, want 
of cleanliness, and other bad habits, must also have their share in increasing disease 
and mortality. 
A select Committee of the Legislative Council of Victoria, Australia, inquired 
in 1858-59 into the condition of the Australian aborigines, and noticed in t&eir 
report, that the rapid settlement consequent upon the country being occupied by 
flocks and herds was more unfavourable to the aborigines than if the land had only 
been gradually taken up for agricultural purposes. 
The Committee were of opinion that great injustice had been perpetrated upon 
the aborigines, and that when the government of the country found it necessary to 
take from them their hunting-grounds and their means of living, proper provision 
should have been made for the natives thus dispossessed of their former territory. 
Miss Nightingale recommends the following remedial measures for the native 
population in the colonies :— : et ‘i 
7 Provision of land should be made for the exclusive use of the existing tribes, 
and settlements should .be formed under any Christian denomination which might 
undertake in a wise marner the gradual winning of the native population under 
their care to higher and better habits. 
2. The prohibition of the sale of intoxicating drinks to the aborigines. 
3. The proper conduct of education. 
4, Physical training and out-door work. 
5, Encouragement of open-air activity. 
