ON THE TREATMENT AND UTILIZATION OF SEWAGE. 65 



(3-G acres) were sown on August 24th with East Ham cabbage-seed for 

 planting out. Bed 18 (0*55 of an acre) was planted with celery in the first 

 fortnight in August, and beds 19-2.5 inclusive (3-332 acres) were filled gra- 

 dually with mangold wurzel transplanted from D and C, commencing on June 

 13th, and continuing for more than a month. 



Only the upper part of Plot I (1-166 acre) has been as yet laid out ; this 

 was sown on May 6th with broccoli and Savoy cabbage-seed for planting out. 

 Upwards of ,£30 worth have been sold from these beds, and they are now 

 thick on the ground. The rest of Plot I (5-184 acres) was sown with onions 

 on the same day as Plot F, namely, March 19th. These two plots of onions 

 comprise the greater part of one of the old fields which was surrounded 

 with a huge ditch and hedge, full of great trees ; it had been roughly but 

 heavily sewaged in winter, and it was the intention not to apply any more 

 sewage to it until the onions were off the ground ; but the drought was so 

 severe and the ground became so dry, that it was necessary to give them 

 moisture to save them, and they received one dressing of sewage in May and 

 another in July. Part of Plot I has also been sold at the same rate of .£36 

 per acre in the ground as obtained for F. 



In Plot K, beds 1 to 5 inclusive (2-397 acres) were sown on May 28th 

 with white runner beans, which have borne well, and are not yet over. 

 Beds 6 to 10 (2-047 acres) were planted on July 14th with Walchercn 

 cauliflower. 



Plot L was an old meadow, which was heavily sewaged last summer, and 

 was broken up in winter and sown with white Poland oats on April 9th. 

 In many places the seed never came up, owing to the severe drought, but 

 the crop nevertheless gave a return over all of five quarters one bushel 

 to the acre. 



In Plot M, bed 1 (0-387 of an acre) was partially planted with drumhead 

 cabbages on June 2nd, and filled up with kohl rabi ; bed 2 (0-387 of an 

 acre) was planted with "Walcheren broccoli ; the rest of Plot M (2-935 acres) 

 was planted on June 25th with Savoy cabbages from bed 21, Plot A. 



In Plot N, bed 1 (0-252 of an acre) was sown on April 27th with a new 

 kind of American oats, which were cut on August 22nd, and yielded twenty- 

 eight bushels, equal to fourteen quarters, per acre. At the beginning of 

 June this crop was seriously damaged and in danger of being destroyed by 

 the ravages of the Oscinis vastator, one of the smallest but most destructive 

 of those " grubs " and " wireworms " which at times cause such injury to 

 cereal crops in this country. The remedial effects of sewage inigation 

 under similar circumstances having been previously observed elsewhere, two 

 heavy dressings of sewage were applied to this bed during two successive 

 days, the result being that the grubs were entirely destroyed and the greater 

 part of the crop was saved. It is proposed to conduct some experiments to 

 ascertain whether this result could be accomplished by the use of pure 

 water, or whether with the physical effects of immersion sewage applied in 

 this way, combines the action of some agent or agents which act as a 

 specific poison to organisms of that type. Beds 2 to 4 inclusive (0-756 of 

 an acre) were sown on June 1st and 2nd with six kinds of maize specially 

 imported from the United States, as likely to suit the climate of England ; 

 the maize is now from 5 to 9 feet high, appears to be ripening, and pro- 

 mises a very heavy yield. Bed 5 (0-252 of an acre) was sown on June 4th 

 with a new kind of Brome-grass, introduced from Australia by Messrs. 

 Sutton and Sons, and named by them Bromvs odoratus. It has already been 

 cut three times, and has yielded at the rate of seven to eight tons per acre. 



1870. F 



